Relationships between synthesis and mechanical properties of new polyurea materials

Abstract

New segmented polyureas were prepared from 4,4 -diisocyanato dicyclohexylmethane and amino terminated polyoxypropylene. Different cycloaliphatic and aromatic diamines were used as chain extenders as well as to synthesize the corresponding model hard segments (HSs). The competition between polycondensation and HS crystallization requires a sufficiently fast reaction (e.g., cycloaliphatic diamines associated with a catalyst, if necessary in solution), although low reactivity monomers would be necessary to avoid demanding processing techniques such as reaction injection molding; otherwise, materials with isolated (i.e., not chemically linked) HS are obtained and they display poor mechanical properties. In contrast, when an appropriate synthesis procedure is used, elastomers with high molar masses and narrow molar mass distributions can be obtained. These characteristics, associated with the high melting temperature of the hard domains, result in very good mechanical behavior, up to high enough temperatures (Ç 180-190ЊC). The presence of low molar masses can be responsible for a rather low but continuous energy dissipation between the relaxations of the soft and hard domains (and particularly at room temperature), but can be well limited by a short thermal treatment at high temperature.

Synthesis and Characterization of New Polyurea Elastomers by Sol/Gel Chemistry

“…[13,14] Generally, the reaction for obtaining linear polymers (thermoplastic block copolymers) takes place between a diisocyanate (aromatic or aliphatic) with an aminoterminated prepolymer or resin (generally aliphatic). [8,10,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] The prepolymer or resins contains both soft segments with low glass transition temperatures and amorphous melts, and hard domains with high glass transition and high melting temperatures due to hydrogen bonding [24,25] as physical crosslinks. Little work has been done for the synthesis and study of polymer networks because of the fast reactivity during chemical crosslinking, except by using spray or reaction injection molding.…”