Relationships between water‐use traits and photosynthesis in <i>Brassica oleracea</i> resolved by quantitative genetic analysis

Hall, Nicholas; Griffiths, Howard; Corlett, J. A.; Jones, Hamlyn G.; Lynn, James R.; King, Graham J.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0523.2005.01164.x

Cited by 58 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…In rice, one to three QTLs for Δ 13 C were identified by Laza et al (2006) and Takai et al (2006), three to five by Price et al (2002), and four by Xu et al (2009). Up to seven QTLs were identified in Stylosanthes scabra (Thumma et al 2001), two to five in barley (Diab et al 2004;Ellis et al 2002;Teulat et al 2002), and four to five in Brassica oleracea (Hall et al 2005). In these studies, individual QTLs explained ≤30% of the phenotypic variation for Δ 13 C, consistent with results from the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Genetic Analysis of Water Use Efficiency in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) at the Leaf Level

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Courtois

et al. 2010

Rice

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Carbon isotope discrimination (Δ 13 C) is considered as an index of leaf-level water use efficiency, an important objective for plant breeders seeking to conserve water resources. We report in rice a genetic analysis for Δ 13 C, leaf structural parameters, gas exchange, stomatal conductance, and leaf abscisic acid (ABA) concentrations. Doubled haploid and recombinant inbred populations, both derived from the cross IR64 × Azucena, were used for quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis following greenhouse experiments. Δ 13 C QTLs on the long arms of chromosomes 4 and 5 were colocalized with QTLs associated with leaf blade width, length, and flatness, while a QTL cluster for Δ 13 C, photosynthesis parameters, and ABA was observed in the near-centromeric region of chromosome 4. These results are consistent with phenotypic correlations and suggest that genetic variation in carbon assimilation and stomatal conductance contribute to the genetic variation for Δ 13 C in this population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Genetic Analysis of Water Use Efficiency in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) at the Leaf Level

This

Comstock

Courtois

et al. 2010

Rice

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“…These hypotheses will require future functional analyses, which are well developed in tomato (Gupta et al 2009). Regardless, despite intense interest in stomata because of their role in adaptation to climate change, ours is among the first studies on the genetics of natural variation in stomata density and distribution (Hall et al 2005; Rae et al 2006; Gailing et al 2008), and the first study of stomatal ratio genetics.…”

Section: Structure-function Relationship Reveals the Mechanistic Signmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Genetic Analysis Indicates Natural Selection on Leaf Phenotypes Across Wild Tomato Species (Solanumsect.Lycopersicon; Solanaceae)

2014

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Adaptive evolution requires both raw genetic material and an accessible path of high fitness from one fitness peak to another. In this study, we used an introgression line (IL) population to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for leaf traits thought to be associated with adaptation to precipitation in wild tomatoes (Solanum sect. Lycopersicon; Solanaceae). A QTL sign test showed that several traits likely evolved under directional natural selection. Leaf traits correlated across species do not share a common genetic basis, consistent with a scenario in which selection maintains trait covariation unconstrained by pleiotropy or linkage disequilibrium. Two large effect QTL for stomatal distribution colocalized with key genes in the stomatal development pathway, suggesting promising candidates for the molecular bases of adaptation in these species. Furthermore, macroevolutionary transitions between vastly different stomatal distributions may not be constrained when such large-effect mutations are available. Finally, genetic correlations between stomatal traits measured in this study and data on carbon isotope discrimination from the same ILs support a functional hypothesis that the distribution of stomata affects the resistance to CO 2 diffusion inside the leaf, a trait implicated in climatic adaptation in wild tomatoes. Along with evidence from previous comparative and experimental studies, this analysis indicates that leaf traits are an important component of climatic niche adaptation in wild tomatoes and demonstrates that some trait transitions between species could have involved few, large-effect genetic changes, allowing rapid responses to new environmental conditions. T HE course of phenotypic evolution depends upon both the genetic basis of functionally important traits and the mechanistic relationship between traits. All else being equal, traits governed by mutations of large phenotypic effect with low pleiotropy can respond to selection more readily than traits that are complex, highly pleiotropic, and/or strongly correlated with other traits. Hence, the genetic basis of trait differences and covariation influences which phenotypic axes are most likely to respond to selection in new environmental conditions; understanding this underlying architecture therefore provides insight into the genetic mechanisms constraining or facilitating phenotypic evolution (Lee et al. 2014). It can also indicate which evolutionary forces are responsible for trait differences within and between species. When adaptation to a complex ecological niche involves many traits, for example, genetic analysis can determine whether correlations between traits are caused by a shared genetic basis (pleiotropy) or whether natural selection favors trait combinations because they function well together (coselection). The magnitude and direction of allelic effects between phenotypically divergent genotypes can also be used to infer whether this divergence is consistent with directional natural selection (Orr 1998b;Rieseberg et al. 2002)...

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“…There are reports of work with Triticum aesvum L. (Zhang, 1998;Richards et al, 2002;Sheshshayee et al, 2003;Tuberosa, 2003Tuberosa, , 2005, Triticum vulgare L. (Handley et al, 1994;Teulat et al, 2002;Ellis et al, 2002;Molnar et al, 2007), Oryza sativa L. (Fischer et al, 2003), Zea mays L. (Banziger et al, 2000), Gossypium spp. (Warwick et al, 2005;Saranga et al, 2001), Glycine max L. (Mian et al, 1996(Mian et al, , 1998, Lycopersicum esculentum Mill (Martin et al, 1989;Lin et al, 2002), and Brassica oleracea (Hall et al, 2005). Compared with other methods for saving water, breeding new crop varieties with a high yield and WUE as well as drought-resistance has the following merits: less investment by the grower, greater uptake through low costs of technology transfer, sustainable efficiency; and more potential exploitation.…”

Section: Review Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, eight out of ten barley QTLs that co-segregated for Δ co-located with QTLs for physiological traits related to plant water status and/or osmotic adjustment (Teulat et al, 2002). In B. oleracea, stable carbon isotope discrimination had QTL located with WUE l , photosynthetic capacity with leaf thickness, and nitrogen content and stomatal density with leaf thickness (Hall et al, 2005). In peanuts, WUE l is correlated with the SPAD chlorophyll meter reading (SCMR), specific leaf area (SLA), and Δ.…”

Section: Zhang Zhengbin Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances and prospects: Biotechnologically improving crop water use efficiency

Zhengbin

Shao³

et al. 2011

Critical Reviews in Biotechnology

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Bio-water saving can be defined as the reduction of crop water consumption employing biological measures. This is the focus of efforts to save water in agriculture. Different levels of water-use efficiency (WUE) have been developed. The genetic diversity of WUE has been confirmed in several crops. WUE is the basis of bio-watering and physiological WUE is the key. The degree to develop physiological WUE potential decides the performance of bio-watering in the field. During this process, fine management is important. Thus bio-watering is closely related to WUE. Crop WUE has improved and evolved as a result of breeding programs. Many WUE genes have been located in different genomic and aneuploid materials and have been mapped by various molecular markers in a number of crops. Two genes, (Erecta and alx8), which control water use efficiency; have been cloned in Arabidopsis thaliana. Eleven WUE genes have been identified by microarray analysis. Six genes associated with drought resistance and photosynthesis have been transfered into crops which have resulted in improving WUE and drought resistance. WUE is important on the basis of functional identification of more drought resistant gene resources. The popularity on the industrial-scale of transgenic plants is still in its infancy and one of the reasons for this is the lack of knowledge regarding molecular mechanisms and it is a very immature technology. Enhanced agricultural practices and the theoretical aspects of improving crop WUE have been developed and are discussed in this review paper. Rapid progress will be made in biowater savings and that crop WUE can be substantially improved under both favorable and unfavorable water-limited environments. This will be achieved by a combination of traditional breeding techniques and the introduction of modern biotechnology

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Relationships between water‐use traits and photosynthesis in Brassica oleracea resolved by quantitative genetic analysis

Cited by 58 publications

References 55 publications

Genetic Analysis of Water Use Efficiency in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) at the Leaf Level

Genetic Analysis of Water Use Efficiency in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) at the Leaf Level

Quantitative Genetic Analysis Indicates Natural Selection on Leaf Phenotypes Across Wild Tomato Species (Solanumsect.Lycopersicon; Solanaceae)

Advances and prospects: Biotechnologically improving crop water use efficiency

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