Relationships of stem surface area to other stem dimensions for Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) and Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa Endl.) trees

Relationships of culm surface area to other culm dimensions for bamboo, Phyllostachys pubescens

“…Although the stem surface area will be one of the best estimators of respiration for tree species (Stockfors and Linder 1998), it is impossible to measure the surface area of standing trees directly. Hence, the relationships of stem surface area to other stem dimensions have been investigated for several tree species (e.g., Lexen 1943;Carron 1968;Inoue 2004). However, to our knowledge, such relationships for P. pubescens have not previously been discussed.…”

A model for the relationship between form-factors for stem volume and those for stem surface area in coniferous species

“…Because the stem form was slender in the height direction, the change in stem radius with stem length dy/dx was considered to be small (Takao and Minowa 1993). Therefore, if we assume that dy/dx = 0 (Takao and Minowa 1993; Inoue 2004Inoue , 2005, the stem surface area can be written as …”

“…Nevertheless, to our knowledge, a measure of the stem form for estimating the surface area of a tree or a stand has not been reported (Inoue 2005). Inoue (2004) investigated the relationships between stem surface area and other stem dimensions, and found that the variation in the coefficient of Eq. 1 proposed by Lexen (1943) would be small among coniferous species.…”

“…various insects, fungi, lichens, and algae (Schreuder et al 1993). Therefore, the stem surface area has specific biological and ecological significance (Inoue 2004). Nevertheless, to our knowledge, a measure of the stem form for estimating the surface area of a tree or a stand has not been reported (Inoue 2005).…”

An application of bole surface growth model: a transitional status of ‘−3/2’ rule

“…that has been earlier found to be a useful approximation to stand surface area (Inoue, 2004). The use of quadratic mean diameter instead of mean dbh is of quite importance because in the forest science the volume stock is calculated via the quadratic mean diameter.…”