Relationships of trace elements in human tooth enamel to dental caries

Curzon, M.E.J.; Crocker, Douglas C.

doi:10.1016/0003-9969(78)90189-9

Cited by 111 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The high Km for Mn2+ in S. sobninus may reflect the ecology of the organism. Drinking water, foodstuffs, and saliva generally contain manganous ion (6,12), so there may be no need for the organism to sequester the metal ion with higher-affinity uptake systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects of citrate and lactate were probably due to the binding of manganese by the organic acids, effectively starving the cells for the metal ion. The GBL of the mutans group streptococci may function to promote their sucrose-dependent adhesion to and accumulation on the surfaces of teeth (10,11,21,22,26,27), an initial step in dental caries formation.Several lines of evidence point to a role of manganese in dental caries (6,7,9,12), although that role has yet to be defined. Adhesion to surfaces seems to favor the growth and survival of bacteria.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Several lines of evidence point to a role of manganese in dental caries (6,7,9,12), although that role has yet to be defined. Adhesion to surfaces seems to favor the growth and survival of bacteria.…”

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Acquisition of manganous ions by mutans group streptococci

et al. 1993

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The cariogenic bacteria Streptococcus sobrinus and S. cricetus were shown to have an absolute requirement for manganous ion in order to bind glucans or to adhere to glass in the presence of sucrose. The bacteria possessed a reasonably high affinity transport system for 54Mn2 , yielding a Km of about 12 ,M. The Vmax for uptake of 54Mn2+ in S. sobrinus was increased when the bacteria were grown in Mn-depleted medium, but the Km remained the same. There was no evidence for two Mn2+ uptake systems, commonly observed for many bacteria. Ions such as Ca2+, Co2+, Co3+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Hg2+, Mg2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+ did not inhibit the uptake of 54Mn2+ by the bacteria, although Cd21 was a potent inhibitor. Fractionation experiments showed that manganese was distributed in protoplasts (67%) and in the cell wall (33%). Approximately 80%o of the 54Mn2+ in S. sobrinus was rapidly exchangeable with nonradioactive Mn2+. Electron spin resonance experiments showed that all of the manganese was bound or restricted in mobility. Proton motive forcedissipating agents increased the acquisition of 54Mn2+ by the streptococci, probably because the wall became more negatively charged when the cell could no longer produce protons.Bacteria use trace metals as prosthetic groups for numerous enzymes. For many bacteria, manganous ion is essential for growth and division. Requirements for manganese occur in both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Archibald (4) has reviewed the role of manganese in microbial metabolism. Drake et al. (16) found that expression of the glucanbinding lectin (GBL) of the mutans group streptococci depends on the presence of manganous ion in the growth medium. More recent work by showed that growth supplements of citrate or lactate prevented expression of GBL. The effects of citrate and lactate were probably due to the binding of manganese by the organic acids, effectively starving the cells for the metal ion. The GBL of the mutans group streptococci may function to promote their sucrose-dependent adhesion to and accumulation on the surfaces of teeth (10,11,21,22,26,27), an initial step in dental caries formation.Several lines of evidence point to a role of manganese in dental caries (6,7,9,12), although that role has yet to be defined. Adhesion to surfaces seems to favor the growth and survival of bacteria. If manganous ion contributes to the ability of streptococci to adhere, it would be expected that the bacteria possess efficient means of acquisition of the ion. In this study, it is shown that Streptococcus sobrinus and S. cricetus, both members of the mutans group of streptococci, possess a highly specific uptake system for manganous ion. Trypticase soy broth (TSB; BBL Microbiology Systems, Cockeysville, Md.). In order to eliminate potential sucrose or a-1,6-glucan contaminants, the medium was treated with yeast invertase (1 mg/g of dry medium; Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, Mo.) and fungal dextranase (1 mg/g of dry medium; Sigma) at 50°C for 3 h prior to autoclaving. Treatment of the medium with the enzyme...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acquisition of manganous ions by mutans group streptococci

et al. 1993

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“…The trace elements in teeth have been examined for a number of reasons, for example there are some studies of dental health where trace element concentrations have been correlated with the presence of dental caries [1][2][3]. Some elements such as Al, Fe and Sr are caries inhibitory and Cu, Mn and Cd are caries promoting [2], however the combinations of Mn and Cd may have inhibitory role, while Al and Sr can promote caries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and discussion of trace elements in teeth of different animal species

Falla-Sotelo¹,

Rizzutto²,

Tabacniks³

et al. 2005

Braz. J. Phys.

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“…Relatively small differences in the dimensions of a unit cell, the degree of crystallinity and the elemental structure have been linked to substituents in the lattice of enamel(l, 2). Although these impurities, which include Na, K, Mg, CO3, Sr (strontium) and F, constitute only a fraction of the enamel, they are particularly effective at modifying or regulating its response to environmental agents (3). As reported by Patel and Brown(4), impurities in the lattice are largely responsible for the distinctly enhanced acid-solubility of human enamel compared to that of hydroxyapatite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Composition and Crystalline Structure of Hypoplastic Primary Dental Enamel

Zheng¹,

Deng²,

Gao³

et al. 2002

Int J Oral-Med Sci

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The presentstudy, reports the chemicalcomposition of hypoplastic primary teeth examined by electron probe microanalyzer comparing with the normal partin the sametooth; andreports the X-raydiffraction results of the hypoplastic dental enamel and the normal dental enamel, and comparing the crystalline structure between the two dental enamel together with that of the synthetic hydroxyapatite. The aim of this study was to find out any change of crystalline structure. Two exfoliated hypoplastic deciduous anterior teeth were used for the electron probe study. Each tooth was sliced into two parts along the defect lesion border in a labio-lingual direction. The normal part was used as control. Determinations of weight percentage (wt%) per mass volume were made in continuous scan for P,Al, Mg, Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn, Sr, Na, K and F, from the enamel edge of hypoplastic bottom to dentin-enamel junction. Four exfoliated hypoplastic deciduous anterior teeth and eight exfoliated normal deciduous anterior teeth were used for the X-ray diffraction study. We found by X-ray diffraction that the length of the a-axis of enamel crystallite and the d-spacing (corresponding 300) were increased in the defective enamel. These could be associated with the increased content of magnesium detected by electron probe. The presentstudydemonstrated thattherewereboth quantity and qualitychanges in the enamel hypoplasia lesion, which may increase the susceptibility of the defective teeth to caries.

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Relationships of trace elements in human tooth enamel to dental caries

Cited by 111 publications

References 13 publications

Acquisition of manganous ions by mutans group streptococci

Acquisition of manganous ions by mutans group streptococci

Analysis and discussion of trace elements in teeth of different animal species

Chemical Composition and Crystalline Structure of Hypoplastic Primary Dental Enamel

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