Relationships With Parents, Identity Styles, and Positive Youth Development During the Transition From Adolescence to Emerging Adulthood

Kaniušonytė, Goda; Žukauskienė, Rita

doi:10.1177/2167696817690978

Cited by 31 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(91 reference statements)

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“…An apparent need to contribute or reciprocate may manifest as favoring a parent over a friend when monetary rewards, but not social rewards, are at stake. Prior work indicates that friendships are predicated upon the need to feel understood by someone or having someone with whom to share thoughts (20,22,27). Consistent with this, participants in the present study indicated on a relationship quality measure that they could communicate their experiences and feelings more effectively with friend than parent, and that their friend can better relate to what they are experiencing than their parent.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Preferences for parents in situations with financial outcomes may thus be driven by a need to contribute or reciprocate (21). By contrast, the apparent lack of a parent or friend preference in decisions with social outcomes may be due to the fact that some individuals prefer spending time with their parent and others with their friend, leading to a net zero preference at the group level (20,22). It is also important to consider that time spent with a close other is not necessarily synonymous with the concept of a social preference.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Computational and Motivational Mechanisms of Human Social Decision Making Involving Close Others

Moreira¹,

Tashjian²,

Galván³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Every day, human beings make decisions with social consequences. These social consequences matter most when they impact those closest to us. Recent research has shown that humans exhibit reliable preferences when deciding between conflicting outcomes involving close others -for example, prioritizing the interests of one's family member over one's friend. However, virtually nothing is known about the mechanisms that drive these preferences. We conducted a pre-registered study in a large (N = 375) sample to quantify the computational and motivational mechanisms of human social decision making preferences involving close others. By pairing assessment techniques from behavioral economics and psychological science with computational modeling and random coefficient regression, we show that value-based cognitive computations (e.g., risk and loss aversion) drive social decision making preferences involving financial outcomes, whereas socioemotional motivations (e.g., relationship quality) underlie preferences involving social outcomes. These results imply mechanistic heterogeneity, underscoring a need for greater attention to contextual specificity in social decision making. Significance StatementAs social creatures, humans frequently make decisions that affect our loved ones. However, relatively little work has examined the factors that govern social decision making involving those closest to us. Here we sought to uncover the computational and motivational architecture of social decision making preferences involving two important close others, parents and friends. We demonstrated that individuals favored parents over friends in decision making with financial outcomes, whereas no clear preference emerged for decisions with social outcomes. Value-based computations drove decisions with financial outcomes whereas socioemotional motivations guided decisions with social outcomes. Our results illuminate how and why individuals make decisions they do involving those closest to them.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational and Motivational Mechanisms of Human Social Decision Making Involving Close Others

Moreira¹,

Tashjian²,

Galván³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Despite the seemingly monolithic importance of friends, parents also remain important in the lives of their young adult offspring. Like friends, parents also impact how young adults engage in real world risk taking behaviors and make decisions (Abaied & Emond, 2013;Carlson, 2014;Guassi Moreira & Telzer, 2018), refine existing identities (Kaniušonytė & Žukauskienė, 2018), and maintain mental wellbeing (Guassi Moreira & Telzer, 2015;Lucas-Thompson, 2014;Needham, 2008).…”

Section: Parents Versus Peers: Assessing the Impact Of Social Agents mentioning

confidence: 99%

Parents versus peers: Assessing the impact of social agents on decision making in young adulthood

Moreira¹,

Tashjian²,

Galván³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Lay theories posit young adults prioritize peer over parent relationships, especially when making decisions. However, no empirical work has directly evaluated how young adults weigh these relationships against one another. We conducted a pre-registered experiment where we pit outcomes for parents against outcomes for friends. Participants played one round of the Columbia Card Task in which gains benefited a parent and losses were incurred by a friend, then played another round where the opposite was true. We also varied the emotional salience of decision making, a moderating influence shown to affect how young adults make decisions. Results showed individuals were more likely to make decisions that benefited a parent at the expense of a friend, compared to the opposite. These results were driven by the low emotional salience condition, whereas individuals showed no preference in the high emotional salience condition. These findings help clarify popular lay theories of young adulthood.

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“… 1 , 3 First symptoms often occur in early adolescence or the late teens, when most young people are about to disengage from their families and become more independent. 4 , 5 In Western society, many young people spend much of their time with friends, in school, and at activities of various kinds: surroundings that are often beyond parental control.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A life put on hold: adolescents' experiences of having an eating disorder in relation to social contexts outside the family

Lindstedt¹,

Neander²,

Kjellin³

et al. 2018

JMDH

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BackgroundAs suffering from an eating disorder often entails restrictions on a person’s everyday life, one can imagine that it is an important aspect of recovery to help young people learn to balance stressful demands and expectations in areas like the school environment and spare-time activities that include different forms of interpersonal relationships.PurposeThe aim of the present study was to investigate how adolescents with experience from a restrictive eating disorder describe their illness and their time in treatment in relation to social contexts outside the family.Patients and methodsThis qualitative study is based on narratives of 15 adolescents with experience from outpatient treatment for eating disorders with a predominately restrictive symptomatology, recruited in collaboration with four specialized eating-disorder units. Data were explored through inductive thematic analysis.ResultsThe adolescents’ descriptions of their illness in relation to their social contexts outside the family follow a clear timeline that includes narratives about when and how the problem arose, time in treatment, and the process that led to recovery. Three main themes were found: 1) the problems emerging in everyday life (outside the family); 2) a life put on hold and 3) creating a new life context.ConclusionYoung people with eating disorders need to learn how to balance demands and stressful situations in life, and to grasp the confusion that often preceded their illness. How recovery progresses, and how the young people experience their life contexts after recovery, depends largely on the magnitude and quality of peer support and on how school and sports activities affect and are affected by the eating disorder.

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Relationships With Parents, Identity Styles, and Positive Youth Development During the Transition From Adolescence to Emerging Adulthood

Cited by 31 publications

References 59 publications

Computational and Motivational Mechanisms of Human Social Decision Making Involving Close Others

Computational and Motivational Mechanisms of Human Social Decision Making Involving Close Others

Parents versus peers: Assessing the impact of social agents on decision making in young adulthood

A life put on hold: adolescents' experiences of having an eating disorder in relation to social contexts outside the family

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Relationships With Parents, Identity Styles, and Positive Youth Development During the Transition From Adolescence to Emerging Adulthood

Cited by 31 publications

References 59 publications

Computational and Motivational Mechanisms of Human Social Decision Making Involving Close Others

Computational and Motivational Mechanisms of Human Social Decision Making Involving Close Others

Parents versus peers: Assessing the impact of social agents on decision making in young adulthood

A life put on hold: adolescents&#39; experiences of having an eating disorder in relation to social contexts outside the family

Contact Info

Product

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A life put on hold: adolescents' experiences of having an eating disorder in relation to social contexts outside the family