Relative Bioavailability of Lead from Mining Waste Soil in Rats

Freeman, G. B.; Johnson, Jerry D.; Killinger, Joanne M.; Liao, Shiyan; Feder, Paul I.; DAVIS, A. O.; RUBY, M. V.; Chaney, Rufus L.; LOVRE, S. C.; BERGSTROM, P. D.

doi:10.1093/toxsci/19.3.388

Cited by 28 publications

(56 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, as a concession to practicality, we administered the soil as a bolus and recognized the possible limitations of this dosing regimen. However, the comparatively small tracer dose of Pb administered, even as a bolus, seems unlikely to result in saturable kinetics (8,30).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the past, investigators have employed animal models to study the bioavailability of Pb in soil (7,8). These studies, however, have primarily focused on predicting bioavailability in children rather than in adults.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average absolute bioavailability in all six test groups was 28%. Employing a rat model, Freeman et al (8) studied the bioavailability of Pb-contaminated mining waste from the Butte, Montana, Superfund site. Soils with high (3908 ppm) and low (810 ppm) Pb concentrations were mixed with varying amounts of feed material to mimic the soil ingestion pattern of children with pica.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Bioavailability of soilborne lead in adults, by stable isotope dilution.

Maddaloni

Lolacono

Manton

et al. 1998

Environ Health Perspect

131

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Using stable isotope dilution, we determined the bioavailability of soilborne lead (Pb) in human adult volunteers. Soil from a residential yard at a mining-impacted federal Superfund site that had negligible amounts of other priority pollutants was dried and screened through a 25-pm mesh sieve. The <250-pm fraction, which likely represents that ingested via hand-to-mouth activity, was then sterilized by exposure to radiation. Ten replicate samples yielded a mean (SD) soil Pb concentration of 2924±36 ppm, and a mean 206Pb/207Pb ratio of 1.1083±0.0002, indicating remarkable soil homogeneity. Six adults with 206Pb/207Pb ratios of > 1.190 were admitted to the clinical research center and fasted overnight prior to dosing with 250 pg Pb/70 kg bw (i.e., 85.5 mg soilf70 kg) in a gelatin capsule. Blood for Pb and 206Pb/207Pb ratios was obtained at 14 time points through 30 hr. Results of the isotopic analyses from these subjects indicate that on average 26.2% ±8.1 of the administered dose was absorbed. Six additional subjects were subsequently studied but ingested soil immediately after a standardized breakfast. Bioavailability in this group was only 2.52% ± 1.7. Collectively, this study provides the first experimental estimates of soil Pb absorption in humans, and should allow for more precise estimates of health risks due to Pb-contaminated soil.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Bioavailability of soilborne lead in adults, by stable isotope dilution.

Maddaloni

Lolacono

Manton

et al. 1998

Environ Health Perspect

131

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“…Bioavailability data from actual human soil feeding tests is scarce (Maddaloni et al, 1998;Stanek et al,2010) and although in vivo animal studies are have been carried out, these are, in general costly, time consuming, have ethical constraints and there is usually only a limited amount of soil available (Freeman et al, 1992;Freeman et al, 1993;Ruby et al, 1993;Freeman et al, 1995;Golub et al, 1999;Rodriguez et al, 1999;Ellickson et al, 2001;Schroder et al, 2003;Schroder et al, 2004;Marschner et al, 2006;Makris et al, 2008;Bannon et al, 2009;Nagar et al, 2009) and Juhasz et al (2007aJuhasz et al ( , 2008Juhasz et al ( , 2009aJuhasz et al ( , 2009b). An alternative is the application of in vitro models that simulate the GI tract.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An inter-laboratory trial of the unified BARGE bioaccessibility method for arsenic, cadmium and lead in soil

Wragg

Cave

Basta

et al. 2011

Science of The Total Environment

167

202

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The Bioaccessibility Research Group of Europe (BARGE) has carried out an interlaboratory trial of a proposed harmonised in vitro physiologically based ingestion bioaccessibility procedure for soils, called the Unified BARGE Method (UBM). The UBM includes an initial saliva phase and simulated stomach and intestine compartments. The trial involved the participation of seven laboratories (five European and two North American) providing bioaccessibility data for As (11 samples), Cd (9 samples) and Pb (13 samples) using soils with in vivo relative bioavailability data measured using a swine model. The results of the study were compared with benchmark criteria for assessing the suitability of the UBM to provide data for human health risk assessments. Mine waste and slag soils containing high concentrations of As caused problems of poor repeatability and reproducibility which were alleviated when the samples were run at lower soil to solution ratios. The study showed that the UBM met the benchmark criteria for both the stomach and stomach & intestine phase for As. For Cd, three out of four criteria were met for the stomach phase but only one for the stomach & intestine phase. For Pb two, out of four criteria were met for the stomach phase and none for the stomach & intestine phase. However, the study recommends tighter control of pH in the stomach phase extraction to improve between-laboratory variability, more reproducible in vivo validation data and that a follow up inter-laboratory trial should be carried out.

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“…Fed rats were administered lead in soil from mine waste over a 30-day period, and relative bioavailability compared to that of lead acetate was estimated from measurements of PbB (Freeman et al 1992 Pb/kg/day in females, respectively. In a subsequent follow-up study, absolute bioavailability of ingested lead acetate in rats was estimated to be 15% based on measurements of blood lead concentrations after oral or intravenous administration of lead acetate (Freeman et al 1994).…”

Section: Effect Of Dosementioning

confidence: 99%