Relative cancer risks of chemical contaminants in the great lakes

Bro, Kenneth M.; Sonzogni, William C.; Hanson, Mark

doi:10.1007/bf01867657

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The critical toxicity of PCBs has been attributed to several PCB congeners (Allan et al, 1991.). Similar contamination issues exist at other Great Lakes sites (Allan et al, 1991, Camazo et al, 1987, with most restrictions on fish consumption due to the presence of PCBs (Sonzogni et al, 1991), even though concentrations of most contaminants have been decreasing and some advisories have been relaxed (Bro et al, 1987;Foran and Vander Ploeg, 1989;Paneth, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…However, data reported in this study may not be directly comparable to consumption guidelines, because they were determined in whole fish and guidelines are based on fillets. Nevertheless, concentrations of PCBs observed in these walleyes have been considered by some authors to be sufficient to warrant concern for a potential human health hazard (Bro et al, 1987;Cordle et al, 1982;Paneth, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

PCB concentrations in walleyes and their prey from the Saginaw River, Lake Huron: A comparison between 1990 and 2007

Jude¹,

Rediske²,

O'Keefe³

et al. 2010

Journal of Great Lakes Research

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

PCB concentrations in walleyes and their prey from the Saginaw River, Lake Huron: A comparison between 1990 and 2007

Jude¹,

Rediske²,

O'Keefe³

et al. 2010

Journal of Great Lakes Research

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“…Recently, the discovery ofhigh tumor frequencies in certain wild fish populations has focused public attention on carcinogen contamination of the aquatic environment and heightened awareness of the potential problems ofconsuning carcinogen-contaminated fish. The potential magnitude ofthe problem is shown by recent risk estimates, which have indicated that people eating sports fish from the Great Lakes may be exposed to a carcinogenic risk from pesticides and PCBs that is orders of magnitude higher than their risk from drinking Great Lakes water (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carcinogen Adducts As an Indicator for the Public Health Risks of Consuming Carcinogen-Exposed Fish and Shellfish

Dunn¹

1991

Environmental Health Perspectives

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In anorganim with actrve nmtaboc systems for a given carcinogen, adducts are generally much longer lived than the carcinogens that formed them. Thus, the detection ofDNA-or protdn-carcinogen adductsin aquatic foodstuffs can act as anindicatorofprior carnog exposur The presnee ofDNA adducts would, in addition, suggest a mutagenic/carcinogenic risk to the aquatic orn itself. Wrtebrate fish are chacterized by high levels ofcarcinogen metabolism, low body burdens ofcarcinogen, the formation ofcarcinogen-macromolecule adducs, and theoccurrence ofpollutionrelated tumor Shellfish, on the other hand, h elowlevesofcarclnogenmetabos, high body burdens ofarcinogen, and have little or no evidence ofcarcinogen-macromolecule adductsor tums Th consumpton ofcarcinogen adducts in aquatic foodt Is unlkely to reprent a human helth hazard. There are no metaboik pathways by which proteincarcinogen or DNA-carcinogen adducts could reform carcnogen Incorporation via salage pathways of prformed mucleoside-carcinogen adducts from fo ts into newly syntbeized human DNA is theo lly ponsihIe However, absolute levelsofnucleoside-carcinogen leves in aquatic foodstuffs from polluted areas arevery low, and the incorporation of peormed adducts into DNA is songly discrminated against by the fidelity of DNA synthesis.

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“…The sensitive instrumentation now available makes it possible to detect trace amounts of carcinogens in most foods. Similarly, eating 4 tablespoons of peanut butter per day, which also contains trace amounts of aflatoxin, results in an estimated increased lifetime cancer risk of 60 in 100,000 (Bro et al 1987). The same risk assessment techniques discussed earlier can be applied to any food.…”

Section: Public Perceptions and Health Advisoriesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Risk Assessment, Risk Management, and Fish Consumption Advisories in the United States

et al. 1991

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Differences among states in the procedures used to formulate fish consumption advisories and increased use of cancer‐risk‐based advisories are sources of confusion for fishery professionals and anglers. One of the most controversial aspects of fish consumption advisories is the accuracy of their estimates of risk. Unfortunately, our ability to detect trace concentrations of contaminants in the environment far surpasses our ability to accurately predict the effects of these contaminants on human health. Mathematical models are most frequently used to estimate the cancer risk of low levels of contaminants to humans. At best these models give a crude estimate of the health effects. Consequently, as fishery professionals, we must do a better job of informing anglers about these advisories. We can put the health risks involved in eating contaminated fish in perspective by comparing them with other types of risks. We can also inform anglers of various alternative behaviors that will decrease the health risks associated with eating contaminated fish, such as changing their fishing habits and the proper techniques for cleaning and cooking fish. A proper understanding of fish consumption advisories will increase anglers' concern for water quality, protect their health, and still encourage their enjoyment of the fishery.

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Relative cancer risks of chemical contaminants in the great lakes

Cited by 20 publications

References 18 publications

PCB concentrations in walleyes and their prey from the Saginaw River, Lake Huron: A comparison between 1990 and 2007

PCB concentrations in walleyes and their prey from the Saginaw River, Lake Huron: A comparison between 1990 and 2007

Carcinogen Adducts As an Indicator for the Public Health Risks of Consuming Carcinogen-Exposed Fish and Shellfish

Risk Assessment, Risk Management, and Fish Consumption Advisories in the United States

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