Relative chemokine and adhesion molecule expression in Mediterranean spotted fever and African tick bite fever

Damås, Jan Kristian; Davı̀, Giovanni; Jensenius, Mogens; Santilli, Francesca; Otterdal, Kari; Ueland, Thor; Flo, Trude Helen; Lien, Egil; Espevik, Terje; Frøland, Stig S.; Vitale, Giustina; Raoult, Didier; Aukrust, Pål

doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2008.11.008

Cited by 30 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…These chemokines attract immune cells to sites of infection and likely reflect initial host responses to R. felis . In line with that, elevations of IL-8 and MIP-1α have been reported in the acute phase of African tick-bite fever (ATBF) and Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF) caused by R. africae and R. coronii , respectively [46–48]. IL-8, and also IL-6, may play a role in the development of vasculitis resulting from the infection of endothelial cells by mediating the production of acute phase proteins [49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Serum cytokine responses in Rickettsia felis infected febrile children, Ghana

Rauch

Sothmann

Aldrich

et al. 2018

Med Microbiol Immunol

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The intracellular pathogen Rickettsia felis causes flea-borne spotted fever and is increasingly recognized as an emerging cause of febrile illness in Africa, where co-infection with Plasmodium falciparum is common. Rickettsiae invade endothelial cells. Little is known, however, about the early immune responses to infection. In this study, we characterize for the first time the cytokine profile in the acute phase of illness caused by R. felis infection, as well as in plasmodial co-infection, using serum from 23 febrile children < 15 years of age and 20 age-matched healthy controls from Ghana. Levels of IL-8 (interleukin-8), IP-10 (interferon-γ-induced protein-10), MCP-1 (monocyte chemotactic protein-1), MIP-1α (macrophage inflammatory protein-1α) and VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) were significantly elevated in R. felis mono-infection; however, IL-8 and VEGF elevation was not observed in plasmodial co-infections. These results have important implications in understanding the early immune responses to R. felis and suggest a complex interplay in co-infections.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Serum cytokine responses in Rickettsia felis infected febrile children, Ghana

Rauch

Sothmann

Aldrich

et al. 2018

Med Microbiol Immunol

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“…Herein we show that IL-8 is significantly associated with disease severity and outcome in scrub typhus. Raised levels of IL-8 have been reported in several infections caused by intracellular microbes (e.g., infection caused by mycobacteria, rickettsial infection and malaria) [23]–[25], and notably, IL-8 seems to be induced not only by stimulation of membrane-bound toll-like receptors (TLRs), but also by activating intracellular TLRs such as TLR9 and TLR5 [26]–[28]. IL-8 promotes activation and attraction of neutrophils, T cells and other leukocyte subsets, and is a potent stimulus for intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokine Network in Scrub Typhus: High Levels of Interleukin-8 Are Associated with Disease Severity and Mortality

et al. 2014

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BackgroundScrub typhus, caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, is endemic in the Asia-Pacific region. Mortality is high if untreated, and even with treatment as high as 10–20%, further knowledge of the immune response during scrub typhus is needed. The current study was aimed at comparing plasma levels of a variety of inflammatory mediators in scrub typhus patients and controls in South India in order to map the broader cytokine profile and their relation to disease severity and clinical outcome.Methodology/Principal FindingsWe examined plasma levels of several cytokines in scrub typhus patients (n = 129) compared to healthy controls (n = 31) and infectious disease controls (n = 31), both in the acute phase and after recovery, by multiplex technology and enzyme immunoassays. Scrub typhus patients were characterized by marked changes in the cytokine network during the acute phase, differing not only from healthy controls but also from infectious disease controls. While most of the inflammatory markers were raised in scrub typhus, platelet-derived mediators such as RANTES were markedly decreased, probably reflecting enhanced platelet activation. Some of the inflammatory markers, including various chemokines (e.g., interleukin-8, monocyte chemoattractant peptide-1 and macrophage inflammatory protein-1β) and downstream markers of inflammation (e.g., C-reactive protein and pentraxin-3), were also associated with disease severity and mortality during follow-up, with a particular strong association with interleukin-8.Conclusions/SignificanceOur findings suggest that scrub typhus is characterized by a certain cytokine profile that includes dysregulated levels of a wide range of mediators, and that this enhanced inflammation could contribute to disease severity and clinical outcome.

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“…Differentially Expressed PM Proteins-Previous work has shown that R. conorii induces significant changes in the expression of cell surface proteins, including tissue factor (16) and adhesion molecules (11)(12)(13)(14), promoting a pro-thrombotic phenotype. Because PM proteins are under-represented in Table I.…”

Section: Differentially Expressed Proteins Identified From Wcls-inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this model, infected endothelial cells have been shown to express cytokines, interferons, cell surface adhesion molecules such as E-selectin, VCAM-1, ICAM-1 (11)(12)(13), and ␣V␤3 integrin (14), and pro-coagulants (tissue factor and von Willebrand factor) (15)(16)(17). These endothelial cellular responses explain aspects of the pathobiology of natural infections, including microvascular hemorrhage, endothelial leakage, and multiorgan failure (1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Endothelial Cell Proteomic Response to Rickettsia conorii Infection Reveals Activation of the Janus Kinase (JAK)-Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT)-Inferferon Stimulated Gene (ISG)15 Pathway and Reprogramming Plasma Membrane Integrin/Cadherin Signaling

Zhao

Valbuena

Walker

et al. 2016

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

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The genus Rickettsia contains non-motile, Gram-negative, obligately intracellular alphaproteobacteria that are of global medical and veterinary health importance due to their endemicity and re-emergence. From the clinical and antigenic perspectives, rickettsial diseases are classified into two groups, spotted fever and typhus. Nearly all of the numerous spotted fever group rickettsiae are transmitted by ticks. The

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Relative chemokine and adhesion molecule expression in Mediterranean spotted fever and African tick bite fever

Cited by 30 publications

References 22 publications

Serum cytokine responses in Rickettsia felis infected febrile children, Ghana

Serum cytokine responses in Rickettsia felis infected febrile children, Ghana

Cytokine Network in Scrub Typhus: High Levels of Interleukin-8 Are Associated with Disease Severity and Mortality

Endothelial Cell Proteomic Response to Rickettsia conorii Infection Reveals Activation of the Janus Kinase (JAK)-Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT)-Inferferon Stimulated Gene (ISG)15 Pathway and Reprogramming Plasma Membrane Integrin/Cadherin Signaling

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