Relative competitive performance of 63 species of terrestrial herbaceous plants

Keddy, Paul A.; Nielsen, Knud Erik; Weiher, Evan; Lawson, R. H.

doi:10.1111/j.1654-1103.2002.tb02018.x

Cited by 171 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…We observed correlation coefficients of the same order as those recorded by Gaudet and Keddy [46] between plant traits and competitive ability with regard to 44 wetland plant species in the field (0.74). They were also similar to those observed by Keddy et al [41] between plant size and the predicted relative competitive performance of 63 pot-grown species of herbaceous plants, compared under two stress conditions (sufficient nutrients and water versus restricted space and nutrient availability, 0.74 and 0.69 respectively). This is further evidence of the suitability of accounting for biomass in breeding programs for Miscanthus.…”

Section: The Use Of Competition Effects With a Simple Variable To Measupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Under asymmetric competition, plants with strong aboveground development exert a disproportionately effect on smaller plants, and may reduce the growth of smaller ones [32]. Under symmetric competition, access to resources is proportional to size [41], and depends on the nutrient uptake capacity of roots and rhizomes. In most cases, competition for light is asymmetric, and competition for nutrients is symmetric.…”

Section: The Use Of Competition Effects With a Simple Variable To Meamentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Index of Competition Reduces Statistical Variability and Improves Comparisons between Genotypes of Miscanthus

et al. 2012

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It is important for breeders and producers to be aware of competition effects for variety trials. We aimed at developing an index of competition to reduce statistical variability in field trials and improve comparisons between genotypes of Miscanthus. Twenty-one clones belonging to four species of Miscanthus (M. x giganteus, M. floridulus, M. sinensis, and M. sacchariflorus) planted at the same density were compared at two harvest dates during the second and third crop years. Aboveground volume was shown to be a good predictor of the aboveground biomass of the clones, and was analysed for the competition effect. The best competition index was the ground area occupied by the eight neighbour plants, among the four indices defined as covariates in the statistical models. It reduced the root mean square error of the aboveground volume by as much as 17 %, explaining up to 36 % of the residual error of the model. Our results then concerned the contribution of intragenotypic competition of Miscanthus to the variability between plants of a same clone during field trials, the relationship between competition ability and plant traits, and the comparison of genotypes regarding this competition. All clones showed negative competition sensitivities depending on harvest date, crop year, and clone. The competition effects lead to reduction in mean aboveground volume by up to 17 %. Competition sensitivities were strongly correlated with aboveground development (height and yield) in both crop years, whatever the harvest dates. In Miscanthus field trials, using a competition index may help to reduce statistical variability and improve comparisons between genotypes.

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Section: The Use Of Competition Effects With a Simple Variable To Measupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: The Use Of Competition Effects With a Simple Variable To Meamentioning

confidence: 99%

An Index of Competition Reduces Statistical Variability and Improves Comparisons between Genotypes of Miscanthus

et al. 2012

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“…Various observations and experiments proved that the changes in the proportions of plants with these traits are characteristic for different successional series, including also abandoned grasslands [2,3,7,27,28]. The species of larger size, or taller and with larger leaves, have the advantage over small species in the competition for light [29,30], whereas the species with extended vegetative spread have a greater chance of penetrating into more closed vegetation. Tab.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of weather on dynamics of plant functional groups in an abandoned limestone grassland

Dzwonko

Loster

2011

Acta Soc Bot Pol

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We examined to what extend the rate and direction of changes in unmanaged grassland depend on fluctuations in climatic conditions. Vegetation data from permanent plots in a semi-natural grassland in southern Poland collected over 12 years were used. Relations between weather variables, time, and the cover of 41 more frequent species and 14 plant functional groups were analysed. The greatest effect on the dynamics of species and functional groups had precipitation in spring and/or early summer, particularly in the current year. The majority of plant groups were significantly affected also by the temperature in spring and early summer in one of the three previous years. During 12 years, the cover of annuals and biennials, short plants, and plants with small leaves decreased, while the cover of taller plants, plants with larger leaves, and with vegetative spread increased. The analyses suggest that these successional changes were not directly associated with climatic conditions but were affected by them indirectly through interspecific competition. The fluctuations in climatic conditions, chiefly precipitation, had a significant effect on both the composition and the rate of changes in abandoned grassland. The increase in the cover of tall perennial species with broad leaves hindered succession towards woodland despite of the presence of woods in the closed vicinity. It can be expected that during drier periods colonisation of grassland by later successional species could be easier.Keywords: permanent plots, plant functional groups, plant-weather relations, secondary succession, southern Poland, time series Acta Societatis Botanicorum PoloniaeJournal homepage: pbsociety.org.pl/journals/index.php/asbp ORIGINAL RESEARCH PAPER Received: 2010.10.13 Accepted: 2011.06.13 Published electronically: 2011.12.30 Acta Soc Bot Pol 80(4):259-268 DOI: 10.5586/asbp.2011 Impact of weather on dynamics of plant functional groups in an abandoned limestone grassland Zbigniew Dzwonko*, Stefania LosterInstitute of Botany, Jagellonian University, Lubicz 46, 31-512 Kraków, Poland * Corresponding author. Email: ubdzwonk@cyf-kr.edu.pl This is an Open Access digital version of the article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License (creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/), which permits redistribution, commercial and non-commercial, provided that the article is properly cited.

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“…This asymmetrical competition relationship might be attributable to the different growth forms of these algae. Competitive dominance is generally believed to be positively correlated with plant size, since a larger plant creates a larger depletion zone for resources, especially light (Grime 1977, Schmitt et al 1986, Keddy et al 2002, but see Olson & Lubchenco 1990and Worm & Chapman 1998 for exceptions). After 1 mo of treatment, E. compressa germlings were from 4 times (unenriched monocultures at 7°C) to >15 times (nutrient-enriched monocultures at 17°C) longer than those of Fucus spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interspecific competition between Enteromorpha (Ulvales: Chlorophyceae) and Fucus (Fucales: Phaeophyceae) germlings: effects of nutrient concentration, temperature, and settlement density

Steen¹

2004

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The increased abundance of ephemeral algae and corresponding decline in perennial fucoids observed in eutrophic (nutrient-rich) waters could be caused by eutrophication-driven shifts in the competitive relationship between the 2 groups as early as the germling stage. During the initial post-settlement period germlings are exposed to large temporal variations in temperature, which may influence their performance and competitive interactions. Effects of temperature, nutrient concentration, and settlement density on the competitive relationship between germlings of Fucus serratus L. and F. evanescens C. Agardh and of the ephemeral alga Enteromorpha compressa (Linnaeus) Greville were examined using factorially designed culture experiments. In monocultures, germling growth of both Fucus species and E. compressa was generally stimulated by nutrient enrichment (32 µmol nitrate/ammonia and 2 µmol phosphate l -1 seawater) and high temperature (17°C compared to 7°C), and negatively related to settlement density (10 to 50 germlings cm -2 for Fucus, 30 to 130 germlings cm -2 for E. compressa). In mixed cultures, interspecific competition effects of E. compressa on F. serratus and F. evanescens germlings increased with increasing nutrient and temperature levels. In the nutrient-enriched cultures, interspecific competition from E. compressa suppressed the yield of Fucus spp. by 80 to 100% at 17°C, with F. evanescens being more suppressed than F. serratus, whereas the suppressive effects of E. compressa on Fucus germlings were < 60% at 7°C. These results suggest that competition from ephemeral algae at early life stages may be a reason for the decline of fucoids in eutrophic waters and that reproduction at low temperatures, as in species like F. serratus and F. evanescens, may shield the vulnerable initial germling stages from the severest competition pressure by ephemeral algae. KEY WORDS: Fucus spp. · Enteromorpha compressa · Germlings · Competition · Nutrients · TemperatureResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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Relative competitive performance of 63 species of terrestrial herbaceous plants

Cited by 171 publications

References 71 publications

An Index of Competition Reduces Statistical Variability and Improves Comparisons between Genotypes of Miscanthus

An Index of Competition Reduces Statistical Variability and Improves Comparisons between Genotypes of Miscanthus

Impact of weather on dynamics of plant functional groups in an abandoned limestone grassland

Interspecific competition between Enteromorpha (Ulvales: Chlorophyceae) and Fucus (Fucales: Phaeophyceae) germlings: effects of nutrient concentration, temperature, and settlement density

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