“…(Danielson, 2011;Ali & Elmahdi, 2001;Fawzi, 2010;Irving, 2015;Damick, 2015;Caldwell, 2007;Baylor & Ritchie, 2002). Technology tools contribute to effective teaching, learning, as well as assessment (Ejimonye et al, 2020a(Ejimonye et al, , 2020bOnah et al, 2020;Ugwuanyi et al, 2019a, b, c;Ugwuanyi et al, 2020aUgwuanyi et al, , 2020bUgwuanyi et al, , 2020cUgwuanyi et al, , 2020d. Modern online classroom response systems if managed very well enhance students' learning through formative assessment.…”