Relative effects of fragment size and connectivity on bird community in the Atlantic Rain Forest: Implications for conservation

Martensen, Alexandre Camargo; Pimentel, Rafael; Metzger, Jean Paul

doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2008.06.008

Cited by 226 publications

(222 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…In relation to conservation, the riparian forests, submontane forests and forested savannas of Maciço do Urucum form an extensive vegetation gradient responsible for the preservation of high forest bird diversity, including groups of species sensitive to forest loss, fragmentation and perturbation, such as understory insectivorous birds (Sekercioglu et al 2002, Martensen et al 2008, Stratford and Stouffer 2013, Morante-Filho et al 2015, forest frugivorous birds (Bregman et al 2014, MoranteFilho et al 2015 and forest raptors (Carvalho and Marini 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of forest-savanna-grassland gradients on bird communities of Chiquitano Dry Forests domain, in western Brazil

Godoi

Souza

2016

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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Different vegetation types are distributed in mountains according to altitude, topography and soil. The composition and structure of bird communities in these areas can change in relation to the vegetation gradient, with particular communities occupying each habitat type. In this study we present the changes in composition, species richness and bird abundance over the gradient of forests, savannas and altitudinal grasslands of Maciço do Urucum, a mountainous region located in the Chiquitano Dry Forests domain in western Brazil. We recorded 165 bird species through qualitative and quantitative methods. Forested savannas, riparian forests and submontane forests presented the highest richness and abundance of birds, while arboreal savannas and altitudinal grasslands had intermediate and low values, respectively. The bird composition was similar between riparian and submontane forests, while other vegetation types present more dissimilar bird communities. Our results show differences in composition, richness and bird abundance among the vegetation types present at Maciço do Urucum, and highlight an important function of vegetation gradients for the conservation of bird communities in mountains. Additionally, this is the first study of the bird communities in the Brazilian Chiquitano Dry Forests, an important domain in the west of Brazil which has been poorly studied.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of forest-savanna-grassland gradients on bird communities of Chiquitano Dry Forests domain, in western Brazil

Godoi

Souza

2016

An. Acad. Bras. Ciênc.

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“…This result indicates that the maintenance of high biodiversity in these areas is under a severe threat. Even though Atlantic Forest areas with these characteristics are considered to have a low potential for biodiversity conservation (Martensen et al 2008), the MB still exhibits a high diversity of species, including endemic and threatened species (Devenish et al 2009). This high diversity may result from the region not having yet reached its relaxation time of species loss due to habitat loss and fragmentation, and maybe the current biodiversity is distributed according to the previous landscape configuration (Metzger et al 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the possible approaches to deal with the absence of biological data over extensive areas is to utilize descriptive landscape metrics as surrogates to biodiversity indicators (Martensen et al 2008). This idea is especially promising in fragmented landscapes below the habitat loss threshold (30% of habitat cover), where not only the habitat area, but also the spatial configuration of remnants are important for maintaining biodiversity (Fahrig 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This idea is especially promising in fragmented landscapes below the habitat loss threshold (30% of habitat cover), where not only the habitat area, but also the spatial configuration of remnants are important for maintaining biodiversity (Fahrig 2003). For instance, larger fragments, with more regular shapes, and well-connected to other fragments, tend to exhibit higher species diversity than small, elongated, and isolated fragments (Martensen et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anchor Areas to Improve Conservation and Increase Connectivity within the Brazilian Mesopotamia of Biodiversity

Holvorcem¹,

Tambosi²,

Ribeiro³

et al. 2011

Nat. Conserv.

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We propose a new methodology based on graph theory for selecting high priority "anchor areas" to which conservation and restoration activities could be "attached", in order to maximize the impact of the available resources on biodiversity conservation and on increasing the landscape functional connectivity. Anchor areas are defined as habitat fragments which are among the largest present in the landscape and the most important for maintaining the landscape functional connectivity, as quantified by the Integral Index of Connectivity (IIC). Recommended actions include increasing the protection of the anchor areas and restoring smaller fragments in their neighborhood whose size and placement make them convenient "stepping stones" in the establishment of ecological corridors between the anchor areas and other areas with a potentially high biological importance. We illustrate our approach with an analysis of the sizes and functional connections between remaining forest fragments in the "Mesopotamia of Biodiversity", a portion of Brazilian Atlantic Forest with an especially rich biodiversity situated between the rivers Jequitinhonha and Doce.

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“…Mudanças na legislação ambiental diminuindo a largura mínima que deve ser mantida com florestas nas margens dos rios causaria um sério impacto nessas aves. Em paisagens fragmentadas as florestas ripárias funcionam como corredores, aumentando a conectividade entre os fragmentos e facilitando o deslocamento de muitas espécies de aves de sub-bosque ao longo da paisagem (Martensen et al 2008). Muitas aves florestais não têm a capacidade de atravessar áreas abertas, mesmo no caso de pequenos trechos sem floresta como estradas (Develey & Stouffer 2001).…”

Section: áRea De Preservação Permanente (App)unclassified

Impactos potenciais na avifauna decorrentes das alterações propostas para o Código Florestal Brasileiro

Develey¹,

Pongiluppi²

2010

Biota Neotrop.

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Abstract:Proposed changes in the current Brazilian Forest Code can lead to the reduction of native vegetation (forests, grasslands and wetlands) impacting directly many bird species. In Brazil, 17 globally threatened species are dependent of riverine forests and eight of these are restricted to the Brazilian territory. A decrease in the width of the area that should be protected as Permanent Preservation Areas (Área de Preservação Permanente -APP) can lead to significant population losses that would put at risk the integrity of populations and, in some cases, the survival of species. In fragmented landscapes, the APPs function as corridors, allowing the dispersion of birds through the matrix. Legal Reserve (Reserva Legal) areas should be maintained complementary to APPs, as the avifauna composition varies in areas located near and far from water bodies. Environmental heterogeneity is crucial to the maintenance of the bird community integrity. Even small patches of forest are important to the avifauna, working as stepping stones that, like the corridors, enable forest birds to move across the landscape. Birds are important predators, dispersers, and pollinators in agricultural ecosystems: in the Tropical region, areas with high bird diversity are significantly correlated with the highest rates of arthropods' removal, including those considered pests. Thus, proposed changes in the current Forest Code may represent a negative impact not only in relation to biodiversity, but also in regarding the agricultural production. Resumo: As mudanças propostas no atual Código Florestal Brasileiro poderão levar a um aumento de desmatamentos e consequente diminuição de cobertura vegetal nativa (florestas, campos e banhados) que impactarão diretamente muitas espécies de aves. No Brasil, 17 espécies de aves globalmente ameaçadas são dependentes de florestas próximas a corpos d'água, sendo que oito destas só ocorrem em território brasileiro. Considerando os requisitos ecológicos dessas espécies, é possível prever que uma diminuição na largura da faixa que deve ser protegida na forma de Área de Preservação Permanente (APP) levará a perdas populacionais significativas que podem colocar em risco a sobrevivência das populações e, consequentemente, da espécie como um todo. Em paisagens fragmentadas essas APPs também funcionam como corredores, permitindo a dispersão das aves através da matriz. Do mesmo modo, áreas de Reserva Legal devem ser mantidas de forma complementar às APPs, já que a composição da avifauna varia entre as áreas de vegetação nativa situadas próximas e distantes de corpos d'água. A heterogeneidade ambiental é crucial para a manutenção da integridade das comunidades de aves. Mesmo pequenas manchas de floresta são importantes para a avifauna, funcionando como "trampolins ecológicos" que, assim como os corredores, possibilitam que aves florestais se desloquem através da paisagem. As aves são importantes predadoras, dispersoras e polinizadoras em agroecossistemas sendo que em áreas tropicais já foi demonstrado que uma mai...

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Relative effects of fragment size and connectivity on bird community in the Atlantic Rain Forest: Implications for conservation

Cited by 226 publications

References 68 publications

The effects of forest-savanna-grassland gradients on bird communities of Chiquitano Dry Forests domain, in western Brazil

The effects of forest-savanna-grassland gradients on bird communities of Chiquitano Dry Forests domain, in western Brazil

Anchor Areas to Improve Conservation and Increase Connectivity within the Brazilian Mesopotamia of Biodiversity

Impactos potenciais na avifauna decorrentes das alterações propostas para o Código Florestal Brasileiro

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