Relative influence of age and menopause on total and regional body composition changes in postmenopausal women

Trémollières, Florence; Pouillès, J. M.; Ribot, C.

doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(96)70111-4

Cited by 218 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…When adjusting for important variables like age, BMI and %BF, regional fat depots were still independently associated with metabolic risk factors. This finding agrees with previous studies indicating that menopause status and the associated regional fat change are the major predictors of metabolic aberration over age in women (54)(55)(56) .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Association of regional body fat with metabolic risks in Chinese women

Song

Zhou

et al. 2013

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To investigate the association of regional fat depots with metabolic risk factors in Chinese women. Design: Total and regional fat depots including android fat and gynoid fat were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Central fat distribution was defined as android:gynoid fat ratio. Metabolic risk factors were defined as elevated TAG, reduced HDL-cholesterol, elevated blood pressure and elevated fasting plasma glucose. Logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the associations of regional fat depots with metabolic risk factors. The odds ratios of metabolic risks were further calculated according to tertiles of android fat and gynoid fat. Setting: Participants were recruited from a community-based cross-sectional study. Face-to-face questionnaires, anthropometric and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measures were conducted. Subjects: Chinese women (n 609) aged 18-79 years. Results: Android fat and android:gynoid fat ratio were associated with significantly increased odds (OR 5 1?4-3?7; P , 0?01) for almost all risk factors, whereas gynoid fat was independently associated with significantly decreased odds (OR 5 0?3-0?6; P , 0?01). The inverse associations of gynoid fat with metabolic risk factors remained after adjusting for android fat. Even if their android fat level was in high, women in the highest tertile of gynoid fat had lower odds of having at least two metabolic risk factors compared with women in the lowest gynoid fat tertile (P for trend , 0?01). Conclusions: There were opposite associations of android and gynoid fat with metabolic risks in Chinese women. Gynoid fat rather than android fat might be a more important inclusion in metabolic disease risk evaluation in female Asians. KeywordsFat mass Android fat Gynoid fat Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry Metabolic risks WomenObesity is a complex heterogeneous disorder which is strongly associated with multiple metabolic dysfunctions including dyslipidaemia, impaired glucose tolerance and arterial hypertension (1,2) . Although previous studies have documented the association between obesity and metabolic diseases, there is increasing evidence suggesting that the presence of excess fat in specific regional body areas is a more significant indicator than total fat volume (3)(4)(5)(6) . The excess accumulation of central fat, even without manifestations of general obesity, is closely associated with metabolic disturbances that indicate increased risks of CVD and diabetes (7)(8)(9) whereas peripheral subcutaneous fat may be relatively benign with respect to metabolic disease risks (10)(11)(12) . For instance, the Quebec Family Study showed that larger hip circumference was inversely associated with several cardiovascular risk factors, including high TAG and insulin concentrations (13) . Therefore, collection of information on fat regional distribution patterns may add more insights in understanding the considerable metabolic variation among individuals. Women are more likely to store fat in the lower body (around the hips ...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Association of regional body fat with metabolic risks in Chinese women

Song

Zhou

et al. 2013

Public Health Nutr.

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“…Some studies using DXA (Wang et al, 1994 andDouchi et al, 2002) suggest that postmenopausal changes in body fat and fat distribution were more dependent on age than on menopause, in opposition to Trémollieres et al (1996). No menopause-related differences were evidenced in our study for similar age groups.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 49%

An evaluation of patterns of change in total and regional body fat mass in healthy Spanish subjects using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)

2007

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Background/Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the evolution of total and regional fat mass according to gender, and to establish age and gender-related differences in a largely non-obese sedentary Spanish sample population using dualenergy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Subject/Methods: A total of 1113 healthy subjects (397 male and 716 female) from the city of Alcalá de Henares (Madrid), Spain, were used in the study. Fat mass measures were obtained from DXA scans of all subjects. Total body fat and body fat in three subregions (trunk, arms and legs) were evaluated. Results: As opposed to males, females showed from early infancy a smaller rate of muscular mass and a larger percentage of body fat (from 10 years of age), with fat deposits being basically gynoid or peripheral. With age, females showed a greater increase in fat mass together with an accelerated loss of muscular mass. Both rates tended to level out between 51 and 65 years of age. Between the ages of 40 and 60, females exhibited significant morphological evidence of larger fat depots in their legs. Conclusions: Gender differences in the patterns of proportion and distribution of body fat, as well as in the pattern of body fat evolution, were found from early infancy. Further research is required, including assessing fat mass variables in order to unravel the dynamic of body composition and to understand the complex relationship between trunk fat mass deposits and the health risks associated with obesity.

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“…Most of the studies using anthropometric measurements (waist circumference or waist to hip ratio) failed to detect an effect of menopause on weight gain and central fat distribution (Zamboni et al, 1992;Pasquali et al, 1994). However, studies using radiologic techniques such as computed tomography or dual x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) showed that menopause may lead to the accumulation of intra-abdominal fat tissue (Tremollieres et al, 1996;Toth et al, 2000). What is more, Page 11 of 21 A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t data from the few longitudinal studies suggest that menopause predisposes to the development of central obesity (Poehlman et al, 1995;Bjorkelund et al, 1996).…”

Section: Menopause Hormonal Changes and Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovarian function and obesity—Interrelationship, impact on women's reproductive lifespan and treatment options

Rachoń

Teede

2010

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

136

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Insulin resistance (IR) is a consequence of obesity, and in women it is often inextricably linked with ovarian function leading to clinical reproductive manifestations such as early menarche onset, subfertility and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Likewise, the dramatic fall in oestrogen production after menopause may contribute to weight gain and changes in adipose tissue distribution.Overall, women who are obese, especially those with reproductive complications including PCOS, have been identified as specific high risk subgroups for further progression through to prediabetes, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and potentially cardiovascular disease (CVD). This review focuses on the interrelationship between the ovarian function and obesity as well as its treatment strategies.

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Relative influence of age and menopause on total and regional body composition changes in postmenopausal women

Cited by 218 publications

References 20 publications

Association of regional body fat with metabolic risks in Chinese women

Association of regional body fat with metabolic risks in Chinese women

An evaluation of patterns of change in total and regional body fat mass in healthy Spanish subjects using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)

Ovarian function and obesity—Interrelationship, impact on women's reproductive lifespan and treatment options

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