Relative performance feedback to teams

Gjedrem, William Gilje; Kvaløy, Ola

doi:10.1016/j.labeco.2020.101865

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Previous research has explored the use of group-based policies to address environmental problems, but mainly in contexts where regulators provide material incentives to members of groups based on collective outcomes ( 34 , 35 ). While previous research has demonstrated the success of comparative and competitive approaches in inducing behavioral changes in small professional teams ( 25 – 28 ) or with university students ( 30 – 33 ), our research broadens these insights into a significantly different context with much larger groups and where shifting behavior implies net costs to individuals. Additionally, our research sheds light on the underlying mechanisms through questionnaires and field interviews, offering valuable information on how leaders and residents responded to group goals made salient by social competition.…”

mentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The intervention we study uses neighborhood competitions to foster an environment where individuals consider the broader implications of their actions and work together to reduce informal burning. We draw on evidence that comparison, competition, and recognition can stimulate socially beneficial behaviors ( 24 – 29 ). However, while most previous work has focused on individuals or households, we study how comparison and competition can be used for large groupings of people.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Social competition drives collective action to reduce informal waste burning in Uganda

Buntaine,

Komakech,

Shen

2024

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Improving urban air quality is a pressing challenge in the Global South. A key source of air pollution is the informal burning of household waste. Reducing informal burning requires governments to develop formal systems for waste disposal and for residents to adopt new disposal behaviors. Using a randomized experiment, we show that social competitions between pairs of neighborhoods in Nansana municipality, Uganda, galvanized leadership and inspired collective action to reduce informal burning. All 44 neighborhoods in the study received a public health campaign, while 22 treated neighborhoods were paired and competed to reduce waste burning over an 8-mo period. Treated neighborhoods showed a 24 percent reduction (95% CI: 11 to 35 percent) in waste burning relative to control neighborhoods at the end of the competition period. There is no evidence that treated neighborhoods experienced a rebound in waste burning several months after the competitions. Community leaders reported greater effort in coordinating residents and more pride in their neighborhood when assigned to the competition treatment. These results suggest that creating focal points for leadership and collective action can be an effective and low-cost strategy to address policy problems that require broad participation and costly behavior change.

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confidence: 83%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Social competition drives collective action to reduce informal waste burning in Uganda

Buntaine,

Komakech,

Shen

2024

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Previous studies showed that social stimuli have ex-ante and ex-post effects on individuals 30 . The exante effect refers to the individual's response to the expected social stimulus, and the ex-post effect refers to the individual's response to the actual social stimulus.…”

Section: Effect Of Reward Opportunities On Cooperationmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Influence of Social Reward on Cooperative Behaviour in Teams: An Experimental Research

王

田

程

et al. 2023

Preprint

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This study explores the process of the influence of social reward on cooperation at the individual level. Firstly, according to self- and reward-processing theories of neuropsychology, we follow the idea of ‘stimuli-psychological process-behavioural response’ to clarify the stimuli of social reward on individuals. In addition, we analyse the psychological process of individual self-processing and reward processing triggered by external stimuli. We also deduce the theoretical framework of the impact of social reward on individual cooperative behaviour under this psychological process. Secondly, we infer the influence mode and effect of social reward from individuals’ possible reactions under this psychological process. Finally, we design a team cooperation environment using the public goods game experiment, where members can observe and impose rewards on each other. We also restore the occurrence process of social reward in the laboratory by obtaining real and dynamic interactive data of subjects to test the theoretical framework and research hypotheses proposed in this study.

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“…We use relative income as the core indicator, considering that relative income with contrast effects is more critical for psychology and behavior (see Dalmia & Filiz-Ozbay, 2021;Dohmen et al, 2011;Gjedrem & Kvaløy, 2020). Drawing on Powdthavee (2007Powdthavee ( , 2009, there are three measures 7 : (i) Using the per capita income ratio of the sample to the district, that is, the ratio = (household income per capita)/(per capita income of samples' district), with a larger percentage indicating higher relative income.…”

Section: Incomementioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the definition, one's social network is just like a window through which the individual observes and compares the enviable work and life of others, thus further forming their aspirations, and great windows breed high aspirations. However, low-income individuals usually are inferior to high earners regarding the social network breadth or social capital accumulation (see Glaeser et al, 2002;Kaasa & Parts, 2008), which causes a relatively small window for low-income individuals. Then, the phenomenon of "poverty chills aspirations" may arise from low income narrowing the aspirations window.…”

Section: Aspiration Windowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does money bring aspirations? Evidence from China

Yu,

Liu,

Wang

et al. 2023

Review Development Economics

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Based on a mathematical model and empirical test, this paper explores the incentive of income for aspirations and its channels, forging links between theory and data. Results present evidence that income significantly inspires one's aspirations, and all conclusions still hold after overcoming the interference of potential endogenous issues. In terms of channels, the “aspirations window” (a set of similar perceivable individuals) and “bandwidth load” (the mental space to think, process problems, and come up with solutions) play the mediating role in the stimulation of money; that is, low incomes will make aspirations window narrower and bandwidth load heavier, which is a momentous force behind one's aspirations failure. This paper also enlightens income distribution and the construction of internal motivation mechanisms.

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Relative performance feedback to teams

Cited by 6 publications

References 63 publications

Social competition drives collective action to reduce informal waste burning in Uganda

Social competition drives collective action to reduce informal waste burning in Uganda

The Influence of Social Reward on Cooperative Behaviour in Teams: An Experimental Research

Does money bring aspirations? Evidence from China

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