Relative reduction of biological and phylogenetic diversity of the oral microbiota of diabetes and pre-diabetes patients

Saeb, Amr T. M.; Al‐Rubeaan, Khalid; Aldosary, Khalid; Raja, Ghazala Kaukab; Mani, Balavenkatesh; Abouelhoda, Mohamed; Tayeb, Hamsa T.

doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2019.01.009

Cited by 77 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The average number of taxa at the species level per individual (16) that we found was lower than what has been reported in other studies, which is around 200-600 species (13, 30). This is probably because the 16s RNA fragment we have used had a relatively low capacity to discriminate within the lowest taxonomic levels (genus and species).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

“…These authors found that both classes were more abundant in the normal glycemic group compared to type 2 diabetic individuals. On the other hand, and in line with the results of A. T. M. Saeb et al (13), in our study, Gammaproteobacteria abundance was higher but not significant in the healthy individuals, whereas Betaproteobacteria was significantly higher in the diabetes group (p=0.03). An interesting result was that the TG5 genus, belonging to the Synergistia class, the only one that showed significant differences between groups, has been related to periodontitis (19), failed implants (33) and smoking habits (34, 35).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Long et al (4) findings, where Actinobacteria was associated with a decreased risk of diabetes. We did not find differences between both groups for the most abundant classes, Bacilli , and Bacterioidia , in contrast to A. T. M. Saeb et al (13). These authors found that both classes were more abundant in the normal glycemic group compared to type 2 diabetic individuals.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 91%

“…Regarding the comparison of the oral microbiome of diabetics and the control group, overall, the control group showed a higher amount of taxa (202 taxa) than the diabetes group (183 taxa), which is in line with previous studies (13). Although the diabetes group had a lower richness of taxa, no significant differences were found between the two groups.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Long et al (4) compared the oral microbiome profiles from African Americans subjects with T2DM with non-diabetic obese individuals and non-diabetics with normal-weight and found a higher abundance of taxa in the phylum Actinobacteria , which were associated with a lower diabetes risk; whereas Actinomycetaceae, Bifidobacteriaceae, Coriobacteriaceae, Corynebacteriaceae, and Micrococcaceae families were less abundant among diabetic subjects compared to normal-weight controls. Additionally, another study found a decrease in the biological and phylogenetic oral microbiome diversity in diabetics in comparison to non-diabetics from South Arabia, evidence that was related to an increase in the pathogenic content in the diabetic’s oral microbiome (13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of the oral microbiome of medically controlled type-2 diabetes patients

Santos

Martins-Mendes

Gayà-Vidal

et al. 2020

Preprint

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28Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease that is becoming a 29 significant global health care problem. Several studies have shown that people with 30 diabetes are more susceptible to oral problems, such as periodontitis and, although the 31 causes are still inconclusive, the oral microbiota seems to be an important factor in this 32 interaction. This study aimed to characterize the oral microbiome of a sample representing 33 T2DM patients from Portugal and exploit potential associations between some 34 microorganisms and variables like teeth brushing, smoking habits, and nutrient intake. 35 By sequencing the hypervariable regions V3-V4 of the 16S rRNA gene in 50 individuals 36 belonging to a group of diabetes patients and a control group, we found a total of 233 37 taxa, from which only 65% were shared between both groups. No differences were found 38 in terms of alpha and beta diversity between groups or habits categories. Also, there were 39 no significant differences in the oral microbiome profiles of control and diabetes patients. 40Only the class Synergistia and the genus TG5, which are related to periodontitis, were 41 statistically more frequent in the control group. This finding can be justified by the fact 42 that these diabetic patients usually have their oral health under close medical control than 43 an average healthy person, which in this study was represented by the control group. 44 45 IMPORTANCE: Diabetes has become a significant global health care issue as its 46 incidence continues to increase exponentially, with type 2 diabetes being responsible for 47 more than 90% of these cases. Portugal is one of the countries with a higher prevalence 48 of diabetes in Europe. It has been reported that diabetic people have an increased risk of 49 developing several health problems such as oral infections mostly caused by opportunistic 50 pathogens. Some studies have pointed out a relationship between diabetes and oral 51 3 microbiome. Therefore, the characterization of the microbial ecosystem of the mouth in 52 reference groups is crucial to provide information to tackle oral health pathogen-borne 53 conditions. In this study, we provide the first characterization of the oral microbiome of 54 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients from Portugal, and therefore, contributing new data and 55 knowledge to elucidate the relationship between diabetes and the oral microbiome. 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 Keywords: oral microbiome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, 63 microbiota, Next-Generation Sequencing, Portugal 64 65 67hyperglycemia caused by defects in insulin secretion, which can contribute to the 68 development of resistance to its action (1, 2). T2DM is becoming more common, also in 69 children and adolescents, and therefore, represents a significant global health care 70 problem (3). 71As more studies are focused on the impact of T2DM on the medium-term patients' health, 72 a growing number of studies have been reporting a close association between diabetes 73 and susce...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Characterization of the oral microbiome of medically controlled type-2 diabetes patients

Santos

Martins-Mendes

Gayà-Vidal

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The changes in levels of blood cortisol, glucose, and oxygen saturation in type 2 diabetic patients during tooth extraction

Agani

Ahmedi

Abdyli

et al. 2022

Clinical & Exp Dental Res

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Objectives: The extraction of a tooth exacerbates the stress in diabetic patients leading to diabetic complications so the aim was to evaluate the changes in blood cortisol, glucose, and oxygen saturation in type 2 diabetic patients during tooth extraction to pay special attention during a routine surgical procedure. Materials and Methods:The research included 40 patients with type 2 diabetes with indications of tooth extraction. They were divided into two subgroups by 20 participants and split according to local anesthesia (lidocaine with additional adrenaline or lidocaine only). Cortisol, blood sugar, blood pressure, arterial pulse, and blood oxygen saturation were measured. Patients were also evaluated for their sensitivity to pain through the Visual Analog Scale (VAS).Results: Cortisol and glucose levels scientifically increased throughout the procedure. Meanwhile, systolic, and diastolic blood pressure and saturation showed no difference between the measurements during and after tooth extraction (p = .280; p = .090; p = .590, respectively). Most patients (60.0%) felt no pain during/after the procedure. None of the subjects was feeling more pain than 30 points by VAS. The comparison between groups receiving lidocaine showed no statistical differences when adding adrenaline to lidocaine. Evaluation of pain by VAS showed that more patients felt pain when they were receiving lidocaine without adrenaline.Conclusions: Diabetic patients require a more cautious approach when undergoing teeth extractions despite it being a routine procedure.

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Microbiome analysis revealing microbial interactions and secondary bacterial infections in COVID‐19 patients comorbidly affected by Type 2 diabetes

Al‐Emran¹,

Rahman²,

Hasan³

et al. 2022

Journal of Medical Virology

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The mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) disease is very high among the elderly or individuals having comorbidities such as obesity, cardiovascular diseases, lung infections, hypertension, and/or diabetes. Our study characterizes the metagenomic features in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2)‐infected patients with or without type 2 diabetes, to identify the microbial interactions associated with its fatal consequences.This study compared the baseline nasopharyngeal microbiome of SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected diabetic and nondiabetic patients with controls adjusted for age and gender. The metagenomics based on next‐generation sequencing was performed using Ion GeneStudio S5 Series and the data were analyzed by the Vegan‐package in R. All three groups possessed significant bacterial diversity and dissimilarity indexes (p < 0.05). Spearman's correlation coefficient network analysis illustrated 183 significant positive correlations and 13 negative correlations of pathogenic bacteria (r = 0.6–1.0, p < 0.05), and 109 positive correlations between normal flora and probiotic bacteria (r > 0.6, p < 0.05). The SARS‐CoV‐2 diabetic group exhibited a significant increase in pathogens and secondary infection‐causing bacteria (p < 0.05) with a simultaneous decrease of normal flora (p < 0.05). The dysbiosis of the bacterial community might be linked with severe consequences of COVID‐19‐infected diabetic patients, although a few probiotic strains inhibited numerous pathogens in the same pathological niches. This study suggested that the promotion of normal flora and probiotics through dietary supplementation and excessive inflammation reduction by preventing secondary infections might lead to a better outcome for those comorbid patients.

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Relative reduction of biological and phylogenetic diversity of the oral microbiota of diabetes and pre-diabetes patients

Cited by 77 publications

References 55 publications

Characterization of the oral microbiome of medically controlled type-2 diabetes patients

Characterization of the oral microbiome of medically controlled type-2 diabetes patients

The changes in levels of blood cortisol, glucose, and oxygen saturation in type 2 diabetic patients during tooth extraction

Microbiome analysis revealing microbial interactions and secondary bacterial infections in COVID‐19 patients comorbidly affected by Type 2 diabetes

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