Relative timing of deformation and two-stage gold mineralization at the Hutti Mine, Dharwar Craton, India

Re-Os geochronology of gold mineralization in the Fawakhir area, Eastern Desert, Egypt

“…The latter consist of multiple laminae or veinlets of quartz, separated by millimetre-thick slivers of wallrock and/or sulphides typically developed in fault-valve systems (e.g. Kolb et al 2005). As for the formation conditions, arsenopyrite thermometry indicates temperatures of about 300-350°C.…”

Effects of gold mining on the general population

“…Hg and As are known toxicants that are hazardous to humans, wildlife and domestic animals and may accumulate in the environment causing serious damage to ecosystems and human health. 10 Chronic arsenic (As) and mercury (Hg) exposure through ingestion can cause severe adverse effects on human health, especially via the consumption of contaminated groundwater. Epidemiological and experimental evidence 11 is furthermore mounting that in utero or early life exposure to As and Hg may affect fetal development or increase rates of several malignant and non-malignant diseases.…”

Pb, Sr and Nd isotope systematics of metavolcanic rocks of the Hutti greenstone belt, Eastern Dharwar craton: Constraints on age, duration of volcanism and evolution of mantle sources during Late Archean

“…Petrographic study of the metabasalts has shown that they have been subjected up to lower amphibolite facies metamorphism and the metabasalts from the N-S arm had undergone low-temperature alteration which has resulted in extensive chloritization of ferromagnesian minerals. Shearing of these rocks might have facilitated entry of hydrothermal fluids resulting in precipitation of quartz-carbonate veins some hosting gold mineralization (Pal and Mishra, 2002;Pandalai et al, 2003;Kolb et al, 2004Kolb et al, , 2005Mishra et al, 2005). The scatter of the samples in the isotope evolution diagram (Fig.…”

“…Kolb et al (2004) identified five stages of deformation in the Hutti metavolcanic rocks, particularly in the auriferous reefs in the N-S trending arm of the greenstone belt. The auriferous shear zone system was formed during the second phase of deformation and later deformation events were characterized by quartz-chlorite-calcite-pyrite bearing veins and faulting (Kolb et al, 2001(Kolb et al, , 2004(Kolb et al, , 2005. On a regional scale Chadwick et al, (2000) considered the Neoarchean granitoid rocks of the eastern Dharwar craton as ''Dharwar batholith" and greenstone belts as intra-arc basins that converged obliquely to an overriding continental lithospheric plate represented by the western Dharwar craton.…”