Relative Toxicity of the Maize Endosperm Ribosome-Inactivating Protein to Insects

Dowd, Patrick F.; Mehta, and Ashwin D.; Boston, Rebecca S.

doi:10.1021/jf980334w

Cited by 43 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Insecticidal activity of type-2 RIPs has been demonstrated towards some insects (Gatehouse et al 1990;Dowd et al 1998Dowd et al , 2003Wei et al 2004). Although the enzymatic mechanism of RIP activity is well defined, the physiological steps by which ribosome inactivation leads to cell death are not well understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA-I′) from elderberry bark in transgenic tobacco plants results in enhanced resistance to different insect species

2008

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Tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum cv Samsun NN) have been transformed with the gene encoding the type-2 ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) SNA-I' from elderberry (Sambucus nigra) under the control of the Cauliflower Mosaic Virus 35S promoter. Previous research confirmed that these plants synthesize, correctly process and assemble a fully active RIP. Variability in protein expression was observed within the transgenic lines. The effects of the type-2 RIP SNA-I' delivered through a leaf feeding assay were evaluated in the laboratory on two economically important pest insects belonging to the orders of Hemiptera, the tobacco aphid (Myzus nicotianae) and Lepidoptera, the beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua). In the experiment with aphids, significant effects were observed on the life parameters, such as survival, intrinsic rate of increase, net reproductive rate, mean generation time and mean daily offspring, whereas with caterpillars significant reduction in fresh weight as well as retardation in development were observed. In addition, significant increases in mortality were noted for insects fed on the transgenic lines as compared to wild type plants. This information provides further support for RIPs having a role in plant resistance to insect pest species

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA-I′) from elderberry bark in transgenic tobacco plants results in enhanced resistance to different insect species

2008

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“…More interestingly, RIP genes were frequently reported to be regulated by various abiotic stresses including drought/ polyethylene glycol (PEG) (Bass et al 2004;Wei et al 2005), salinity (Rippmann et al 1997), H 2 O 2 (Iglesias et al 2005) and heat or osmotic stress (Stirpe et al 1996). RIP genes were also regulated by various biotic stresses including wounding (Song et al 2000), various viruses (Iglesias et al 2005;Mendez and Girbes 2005;Girbes et al 1996), Fungi (Vivanco et al 1999;Wei et al 2005;Xu et al 2007), insects (Dowd et al 1998;Gatehouse et al 1990;Kumar et al 1993;Zhou et al 2000) and microorganisms (Wong et al 1995). In addition, some hormones can be regarded as expression regulators of RIP genes including jasmonic acid (Reinbothe et al 1994;Gorschen et al 1997;Muller et al 1997;Song et al 2000;Vepachedu et al 2003;Xu et al 2007), abscisic acid (ABA) (Muller et al 1997;Song et al 2000;Xu et al 2007) and gibberellic acid (Ishizaki et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide survey of the RIP domain family in Oryza sativa and their expression profiles under various abiotic and biotic stresses

et al. 2008

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Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) are N-glycosidases that inhibit protein synthesis by depurinating rRNA. Despite their identification more than 25 years ago, little is known about their biological functions. Here, we report a genome-wide identification of the RIP family in rice based on the complete genome sequence analysis. Our data show that rice genome encodes at least 31 members of this family and they all belong to type 1 RIP genes. This family might have evolved in parallel to species evolution and genome-wide duplications represent the major mechanism for this family expansion. Subsequently, we analyzed their expression under biotic (bacteria and fungus infection), abiotic (cold, drought and salinity) and the phytohormone ABA treatment. These data showed that some members of this family were expressed in various tissues with differentiated expression abundances whereas several members showed no expression under normal growth conditions or various environmental stresses. On the other hand, the expression of many RIP members was regulated by various abiotic and biotic stresses. All these data suggested that specific members of the RIP family in rice might play important roles in biotic and abiotic stress-related biological processes and function as a regulator of various environmental cues and hormone signaling. They may be potentially useful in improving plant tolerance to various abiotic and biotic stresses by over-expressing or suppressing these genes.

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“…The maize b-32 defence properties against various biotic agents have been evaluated: antifungal activity was demonstrated in vitro and in vivo (Maddaloni et al, 1991(Maddaloni et al, , 1997 and its relative toxicity to insects has been proven (Dowd, Mehta, & Boston, 1998). Its expression in plant heterologous systems gave contrasting results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fusarium head blight evaluation in wheat transgenic plants expressing the maize b-32 antifungal gene

et al. 2006

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The maize gene b-32, normally expressed in the maize (Zea mays) endosperm, encodes for a RIP (Ribosome Inactivating Protein) characterised by antifungal activity. Transgenic wheat plants were obtained via biolistic transformation, in which the b-32 gene is driven by the 35SCaMV promoter in association with the bar gene as a selectable marker. Plants were brought to homozygosity through genetic analysis of progeny and pathogenicity tests were performed on the fourth generation. Six homozygous b-32 wheat lines were characterised. All plants had a normal phenotype, not distinguishable from the control cv. Veery except for slightly smaller size, flowered and set seeds. Western blot analyses confirmed b-32 expression during the plant life cycle in the various tissues. Each line differed in the b-32 content in leaf protein extracts and the transgenic protein expression level was maintained at least up to 10 days after anthesis. Pathogenicity tests for Fusarium head blight (FHB) were performed on the b-32 transgenic wheat lines in comparison to the parental cv. Veery. Resistance to FHB was evaluated by the single floret injection inoculation method on immature spikes with spores of Fusarium culmorum. In all the transgenic lines, a similar reduction in FHB symptoms, not dependent on the level of b-32 protein, has been observed (20% and 30% relative to the control, respectively 7 and 14 days after inoculation). Percentage of tombstone kernels at maturity was also recorded; in all transgenic lines disease control for this parameter was around 25%. The data obtained indicate that maize b-32 was effective as in vivo antifungal protein reducing FHB symptoms in wheat lines expressing the maize RIP protein.

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Relative Toxicity of the Maize Endosperm Ribosome-Inactivating Protein to Insects

Cited by 43 publications

References 29 publications

Expression of Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA-I′) from elderberry bark in transgenic tobacco plants results in enhanced resistance to different insect species

Expression of Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA-I′) from elderberry bark in transgenic tobacco plants results in enhanced resistance to different insect species

Genome-wide survey of the RIP domain family in Oryza sativa and their expression profiles under various abiotic and biotic stresses

Fusarium head blight evaluation in wheat transgenic plants expressing the maize b-32 antifungal gene

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