Relative validation of fruit and vegetable intake and fat intake among overweight and obese African-American women

Abstract

Objective: To compare commonly used dietary screeners for fat intake and fruit and vegetable intake with 24 h dietary recalls among low-income, overweight and obese African-American women. Design: Three telephone interviews were completed; measures included two 24 h dietary recalls (a weekday and weekend day) using the Nutrition Data System for Research software, the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System's (BRFSS) Fruit and Vegetable Consumption Module and the National Cancer Institute's (NCI) Percentage Energy from Fat Screener. Setting: Participants were recruited from three federally qualified health centres in south-west Georgia, USA. Subjects: Participants (n 260) were African-American women ranging in age from 35 to 65 years. About half were unemployed (49·6 %) and 58·7 % had a highschool education or less. Most were obese (88·5 %), with 39·6 % reporting a BMI ≥ 40·0 kg/m 2 . Results: Mean fruit and vegetable intake reported from the 24 h dietary recall was 2·66 servings/d compared with 2·79 servings/d with the BRFSS measure. The deattenuated Pearson correlation was 0·22, with notable variation by weight status, education level and age. Mean percentage of energy from fat was 35·5 % as reported from the 24 h dietary recall, compared with 33·0 % as measured by the NCI fat screener. The deattenuated Pearson correlation was 0·38, also with notable variation by weight status, education level and age. Conclusions: Validity of brief dietary intake measures may vary by demographic characteristics of the sample. Additional measurement work may be needed to accurately measure dietary intake in obese African-American women. Keywords African American Validity Fat intake Fruit and vegetable intakeSignificant racial and ethnic disparities in overweight and obesity prevalence exist, with higher age-adjusted prevalence among non-Hispanic blacks (76·7 %) and Hispanics (78·8 %) compared with non-Hispanic whites (66·7 %) (1) . Non-Hispanic black women aged 40 years or older are particularly affected by the overweight and obesity epidemic, with 87·7 % of 40-59-year-olds being overweight or obese compared with 61·3 % of nonHispanic whites and 86·4 % of those aged 60 years and over being overweight or obese compared with 71·6 % of non-Hispanic whites (1) . Additionally, non-Hispanic black women have a higher combined prevalence of class II (BMI ≥ 35·0 kg/m 2 ) and class III obesity (BMI ≥ 40·0 kg/m 2 ) compared with non-Hispanic whites, with 26·0 % classified as class II and III obese compared with 14·4 %, respectively (1) . Similarly, geographic disparity exists in weight status, with national estimates for obesity being higher in rural regions of the USA compared with urban areas (2,3) . Data from the 2005-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey indicated that the obesity prevalence in rural areas was 39·6 % compared with 33·4 % in urban areas (3) . Dietary intake remains an important focus in the prevention of overweight and obesity. Consumption of less energy and fatty foods, and more fruits and v...

The Association between Obesity-Risk Genes and Gestational Weight Gain Is Modified by Dietary Intake in African American Women

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Diet Quality and Nutrient Intake of Urban Overweight and Obese Primarily African American Older Adults with Osteoarthritis

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The Reliability and Validity of Short Online Questionnaires to Measure Fruit and Vegetable Intake in Adults: The Fruit Test and Vegetable Test

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