Relativistic Viscous Hydrodynamics with Angular Momentum

Abstract

Hydrodynamics is a general theoretical framework for describing the long-time large-distance behaviors of various macroscopic physical systems, with its equations based on conservation laws such as energy-momentum conservation and charge conservation. Recently there has been significant interest in understanding the implications of angular momentum conservation for a corresponding hydrodynamic theory. In this work, we examine the key conceptual issues for such a theory in the relativistic regime where the orbital and spin components get entangled. We derive the equations for relativistic viscous hydrodynamics with angular momentum through Navier-Stokes type of gradient expansion analysis.

Relativistic hydrodynamic model with the average reverse gamma factor evolution for the degenerate plasmas: high-density ion-acoustic solitons

“…In this model the relativistic Gamma function Γ is an independent function. Its evolution is described by equation (3). Equation ( 20) is used as the equation of state for the equilibrium value of the relativistic Gamma function Γ.…”

“…Different fields of relativistic plasmas are under current development due to the description of various astrophysical scenarios and generation of relativistic plasmas in laboratories at the propagation of high-energy density electromagnetic beams [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14].…”

Equivalence of canonical and phenomenological formulations of spin hydrodynamics

“…Recent observations of spin polarization of weakly decaying hyperons produced in relativistic heavy-ion experiments across various collision energies [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] have provided a unique probe to study polarization phenomena in relativistic nuclear matter under rotation [10]. Motivated by the earlier successes of relativistic fluid dynamics in heavy-ion phenomenology [11], several extensions of relativistic hydrodynamics for the spinpolarized fluids have been developed using quantum statistical density operators [12][13][14][15][16], relativistic kinetic theory [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29], effective Lagrangian approach [30][31][32][33], entropy current analysis [34][35][36][37][38][39], holography [40,41] and equilibrium partition functions [42].…”

“…This is not necessarily the only choice, however. For example, in Ref [37],. dissipative spin hydrodynamics was developed, where both the spin chemical potential and the spin density tensor are assumed to be O(∂ 0 ) 3.…”

Anisotropic pressure effects in hydrodynamic description of waves propagating parallel to the magnetic field in relativistically hot plasmas

“…The magnetic field creates the anisotropy in plasmas, which reveals in the anisotropic structure of tensors describing plasma dynamics at the hydrodynamic description of plasmas and anisotropy of the distribution functions at the kinetic description of plasmas (see for instance [1] and [2]). Variety of physical scenarios for the relativistic plasmas are recently considered in literature [3] [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12]. Moreover, the plasmas in curved spacetime are also under consideration [13], [14], [15], [16], [17].…”