Relaxation Based Modeling of GMD Induced Cascading Failures in PowerModelsGMD.jl

Máté, Ádám; Barnes, Arthur K.; Morley, S.; Friz-Trillo, Jacob A.; Cotilla‐Sanchez, Eduardo; Blake, Seán P.

doi:10.1109/naps52732.2021.9654450

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Because currents in the magnetosphere can close through small regions in the ionosphere, GICs can be highly localized and of large amplitudes (Ngwira et al., 2015), which can have an intensely adverse effect on the power grid (Boteler et al., 1998; Kappenman, 1996; Molinski, 2002). GICs are manifestations of space weather that have been studied extensively to advance our understanding of magnetosphere‐ionosphere interactions and to protect our ground conducting systems (Mate et al., 2021; Ngwira & Pulkkinen, 2019; Pulkkinen, 2015; Pulkkinen et al., 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Localized Geomagnetic Disturbances in Global MHD: Physics and Numerics

Vandegriff,

Welling,

Mukhopadhyay

et al. 2024

Space Weather

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One of the prominent effects of space weather is the formation of rapid geomagnetic field variations on Earth's surface driven by the magnetosphere‐ionosphere system. These geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs) cause geomagnetically induced currents to run through ground conducting systems. In particular, localized GMDs (LGMDs) can be high amplitude and can have an effect on scale sizes less than 100 km, making them hazardous to power grids and difficult to predict. In this study, we examine the ability of the Space Weather Modeling Framework (SWMF) to reproduce LGMDs in the 7 September 2017 event using both existing and new metrics to quantify the success of the model against observation. We show that the high‐resolution SWMF can reproduce LGMDs driven by ionospheric sources, but struggles to reproduce LGMDs driven by substorm effects. We calculate the global maxima of the magnetic fluctuations to show instances when the SWMF captures LGMDs at the correct times but not the correct locations. To remedy these shortcomings we suggest model developments that will directly impact the ability of the SWMF to reproduce LGMDs, most importantly updating the ionospheric conductance calculation from empirical to physics‐based.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Localized Geomagnetic Disturbances in Global MHD: Physics and Numerics

Vandegriff,

Welling,

Mukhopadhyay

et al. 2024

Space Weather

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…GICs also generate harmonic distortion and voltage unbalance that may lead to the misoperation of protective devices, causing the tripping of over‐current relays. If the infrastructure damage and tripping of transmission lines spreads it may result in cascading outages and extended power disruptions (e.g., Mate et al., 2021). Damage to or disruption of power transformers, which has led to historic power outages, is perhaps the space weather threat from GICs that is of most concern, especially in terms of its societal and economic impacts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expected Geomagnetically Induced Currents in the Spanish Islands Power Transmission Grids

Torta¹,

Marsal²,

Piña-Varas

et al. 2023

Space Weather

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The aim of this study is to evaluate the geomagnetically induced current (GIC) hazard in the power networks of the Canary and Balearic archipelagos. This is done in order to strictly complete the detailed assessment at national level of the power transmission system of mainland Spain, including the 400 and 220 kV levels. We have constructed models for the grids in each of the individual systems and used resistivity models of the lithosphere for each group of islands, from which we have calculated the surface impedances. The respective models of electrical admittances of the grids have been combined with the geoelectric field derived from the convolution of the recorded (or expected in an extreme scenario) geomagnetic storms and the impedances calculated from the geoelectrical models to derive the expected GICs in the power lines, substations, and transformers. The low geomagnetic latitude of the Canary Islands combined with the small size of their power networks, makes them one of the least likely electrified locations to record significant GICs, with less than 3 A for the 100‐year return period. Even the 13 A that could be reached for the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval at the 500‐year return period does not seem likely to have a significant impact. The Balearic Islands, being at higher latitude and with a system length of approximately 300 km, including alternating current power lines connecting the Islands, shows GIC signals of moderate amplitude with up to 40 A for the 100‐year return period.

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Heuristic algorithms for placing geomagnetically induced current blocking devices

Ryu,

Attia,

Barnes

et al. 2024

Electric Power Systems Research

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Relaxation Based Modeling of GMD Induced Cascading Failures in PowerModelsGMD.jl

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Exploring Localized Geomagnetic Disturbances in Global MHD: Physics and Numerics

Exploring Localized Geomagnetic Disturbances in Global MHD: Physics and Numerics

Expected Geomagnetically Induced Currents in the Spanish Islands Power Transmission Grids

Heuristic algorithms for placing geomagnetically induced current blocking devices

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