Relaxation Methods for Measuring Residual Stresses: Techniques and Opportunities

Schajer, G. S.

doi:10.1007/s11340-010-9386-7

Cited by 87 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…It is a widely used technique for the determination of in depth residual stress profiles in parts especially after surface treatments such as LSP, USP, SP etc [47][48][49][50][51][52]. The measuring device is the RESTAN-MTS 3000 from SINT Technology (Fig.…”

Section: Residual Stress Determination Using the Hole Drilling Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring residual stress profile of Selective Laser Melted parts by Laser Shock Peening

Kalentics

Boillat

Peyre

et al. 2017

Additive Manufacturing

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Selective laser melting Laser shock peening 3D Laser shock peening Residual stress profile 15-5 PH stainless steel 316L stainless steel a b s t r a c t The paper describes a new approach in controlling and tailoring residual stress profile of parts made by Selective Laser Melting (SLM). SLM parts are well known for the high tensile stresses in the as -built state in the surface or subsurface region. These stresses have a detrimental effect on the mechanical properties and especially on the fatigue life. Laser Shock Peening (LSP) as a surface treatment method was applied on SLM parts and residual stress measurements with the hole -drilling method were performed. Two different grades of stainless steel were used: a martensitic 15-5 precipitation hardenable PH1 and an austenitic 316L. Different LSP parameters were used, varying laser energy, shot overlap, laser spot size and treatments with and without an ablative medium. For both materials the as-built (AB) residual stress state was changed to a more beneficial compressive state. The value and the depth of the compressive stress was analyzed and showed a clear dependence on the LSP processing parameters. Application of LSP on SLM parts showed promising results, and a novel method that would combine these two processes is proposed. The use of LSP during the building phase of SLM as a "3D LSP" method would possibly give the advantage of further increasing the depth and volume of compressive residual stresses, and selectively treating key areas of the part, thereby further increasing fatigue life.

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Section: Residual Stress Determination Using the Hole Drilling Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring residual stress profile of Selective Laser Melted parts by Laser Shock Peening

Kalentics

Boillat

Peyre

et al. 2017

Additive Manufacturing

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“…The presence of residual stresses in engineering components and structures significantly affect the fatigue behavior [2], strength [3], and dimensional stability [4]. Many studies have been conducted to investigate the effects of residual stress on the fatigue life of different materials [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation on the Fatigue Life of Ti-6Al-4V Treated by Vibratory Stress Relief

Zhang

Song³

2017

Metals

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Vibratory stress relief (VSR) is a highly efficient and low-energy consumption method to relieve and homogenize residual stresses in materials. Thus, the effect of VSR on the fatigue life should be determined. Standard fatigue specimens are fabricated to investigate the fatigue life of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy treated by VSR. The dynamic stresses generated under different VSR amplitudes are measured, and then the relationship between the dynamic stress and vibration amplitude is obtained. Different specimen groups are subjected to VSRs with different amplitudes and annealing treatment with typical process parameters. Residual stresses are measured to evaluate the stress relieving effects. Finally, the fatigue behavior under different states is determined by uniaxial tension-compression fatigue experiments. Results show that VSR and annealing treatment have negative effects on the fatigue life of Ti-6Al-4V. The fatigue life is decreased with the increase in VSR amplitude. When the VSR amplitude is less than 0.1 mm, the decrease in fatigue limit is less than 2%. Compared with specimens without VSR or annealing treatment, the fatigue limit of the specimens treated by VSR with 0.2 mm amplitude and annealing treatment decreases by 10.60% and 8.52%, respectively. Although the stress relieving effect is better, high amplitude VSR will lead to the decrease of Ti-6Al-4V fatigue life due to the defects generated during vibration. Low amplitude VSR can effectively relieve the stress with little decrease in fatigue life.

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“…A promising non-destructive method for subsurface stress measurement uses an acoustic transducer as an ultrasonic strain gauge. In this approach, ultrasonic measurements are taken before and after the specimen is subjected to stress [4] . …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic Non-destructive Testing and in Situ Regulation of Residual Stress

Tian

Song

et al. 2016

Residual Stresses 2016

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Abstract. Based on acoustoelasticity theory, the relationship between ultrasonic and stress in mechanical component is researched. Further, the principle, method and technology of exciting ultrasonic critically refracted longitudinal wave is analyzed. In order to ensure that test results are exact and realization of quantity traceability, the calibration technology of ultrasonic testing residual stress is studied. At last, the ultrasonic stress testing and calibration system is established. This technology now is widely used in testing residual stress in high-speed rail and petroleum pipeline. IntroductionResidual stress greatly influences the service performance of practical engineering components, notably their strength, fatigue life, and dimensional stability. The fatigue life of metallic materials can be extended by the near-surface macroscopic compressive residual stresses that retard fatigue crack initiation and crack growth. Thus, it is important to know the magnitudes of these stresses, and to account for them during the design process. However, the "locked-in" character of residual stresses makes them challenging to measure, because there are no external loads that can be manipulated.The engineering properties of materials and structural components, notably fatigue life, distortion, dimensional stability, corrosion resistance, and brittle fracture, can be considerably influenced by residual stresses [1] . Such effects usually lead to considerable outlays in the repair and restoration of parts, equipment, and structures. Accordingly, residual stress analysis is an essential stage in the design of parts and structural elements, and in the estimation of their reliability under actual service conditions [2] .Measurement of the actual stress in a structure or component is of great importance in all areas of engineering [3] . Non-destructive methods offer the obvious advantage of specimen preservation, and are particularly useful for production quality control and measurement of detailed calibrations on representative specimen material to valuable specimens. However, these methods commonly require provide the required computational data. A promising non-destructive method for subsurface stress measurement uses an acoustic transducer as an ultrasonic strain gauge. In this approach, ultrasonic measurements are taken before and after the specimen is subjected to stress [4] .

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Relaxation Methods for Measuring Residual Stresses: Techniques and Opportunities

Cited by 87 publications

References 75 publications

Tailoring residual stress profile of Selective Laser Melted parts by Laser Shock Peening

Tailoring residual stress profile of Selective Laser Melted parts by Laser Shock Peening

Experimental Investigation on the Fatigue Life of Ti-6Al-4V Treated by Vibratory Stress Relief

Ultrasonic Non-destructive Testing and in Situ Regulation of Residual Stress

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