Relaxation of a two-species magnetofluid and application to finite-β flowing plasmas

Steinhauer, L. C.; Ishida, Akio

doi:10.1063/1.872948

Cited by 84 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Some stationary-energy states may be states of minimum energy. 6 Such states in a two-fluid have been found in idealized one-dimensional ͑1D͒ geometries, [3][4][5] but not yet in a realistic geometry, although the general formulation has been developed. 7 By ''realistic'' geometry is meant a plasma that is ͑1͒ large size, ͑2͒ axisymmetric two-dimensional ͑2D͒, and ͑3͒ isolated from its surroundings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…[3][4][5] A key feature of these states is significant flow. As such they constitute a new class of plasma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analytic solutions of flowing equilibria were found previously but are quite restrictive. Some used 1D analogies to FRCs, 4 tokamaks, 4 and reversed field pinches. 5 Others that found 2D flowing equilibria were limited to the MHD formalism and had only a rigid rotation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two-fluid flowing equilibria of compact plasmas

2001

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The properties of two-fluid flowing equilibria are explored. This is facilitated by limiting attention to compact toroids in a “stationary-energy” state with uniform density. Flowing equilibria are found to fall into two classes, force-free and non-force-free, referring to the absence or presence of a j×B force. The force-free class may have significant flows. Spheromaks are in this class. The non-force-free class is diamagnetic and has Alfvénic poloidal flows. Field reversed configurations (FRCs) are in this class. Both classes admit arbitrarily large equilibria. Both classes occupy certain “allowed” regions in “helicity space,” a two-dimensional parameter map with the electron and ion helicities as coordinates. Allowed regions for the two classes overlap; in the overlap region the non-force-free class is energetically favorable. This sheds light on the FRC-spheromak bifurcation observed in experiments. Two-dimensional analytic equilibria are also found that span both classes. These may play a role similar to the familiar Hill’s vortex and Bessel function models in static, magnetohydrodynamic equilibria.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…[3][4][5] A key feature of these states is significant flow. As such they constitute a new class of plasma.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two-fluid flowing equilibria of compact plasmas

2001

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“…(3) of Ref. [21] and the recognition that the generalized electron vorticity r p ÿ eA=c , which is zero initially, should always remain zero [23].…”

Section: Description Of Basic Lwfa Model With Modifications Relatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of laser wakefield acceleration atCO2laser wavelengths

Andreev

Kuznetsov

Pogosova

et al. 2003

Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams

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The upgraded Accelerator Test Facility (ATF) CO 2 laser located at Brookhaven National Laboratory offers a unique opportunity to investigate laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA) with a 10:6-m laser, a wavelength where little experimental work exists. While long laser wavelengths have certain advantages over short wavelengths, our modeling analysis has uncovered another important effect. The upgraded ATF CO 2 laser will have a pulse length as short as 2 ps. At a nominal plasma density of 10 16 cm ÿ3 , this pulse length would normally be considered too long for resonant LWFA, but too short for self-modulated LWFA. However, our model simulations indicate that a well-formed wakefield is nevertheless generated with electric field gradients of E z * 2 GV=m assuming 2.5 TW laser peak power. The model indicates pulse steepening is occurring due to various nonlinear effects. It is possible that this intermediate laser pulse length mode of operation may permit the creation of well-formed, regular-shaped wakefields, which would be needed for staging the LWFA process. Discussed in this paper are the model, its predictions for an LWFA experiment at the ATF, and the pulse steepening effect.

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“…This property may be applied to produce two-fluid high-/0 plasmas [4] which possess diamagnetic structures formed by the hydrodynamic pressure of the significant shear flows. In fact, sample equilibria of the hydrodynamic (relaxed) states resemble field-reversed configurations [5] and H-mode tokamaks [6]. Thus, studies on flowing plasmas have attracted considerable interest in experimental plasma physics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%