Relaxation of Muscle Strips from the Reticular Groove and Reticulo‐Omasal Orifice by Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP)

Denac, M.; Oertle, C; Kümin, G.; Eggenberger, E.; Scharrer, E.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0442.1990.tb00924.x

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…For this population direct projections to the ruminal muscle has been shown recently. Additionally, NO as well as VIP cause a relaxation when applied onto the forestomach muscles (Denac et al, 1990; PFANNKUCHE H. ET AL. Barahona et al, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurochemical coding of myenteric neurones in the forestomach of suckling and fattened lambs

2004

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The distinct functions of reticulum and reticular groove are presumably controlled by neurones of the myenteric plexus. Therefore, we analysed neurones according to their neurochemical code in suckling and fattened lambs. Most neurones in the reticulum were cholinergic, additionally expressing substance P and presumably excitatory. Nitrergic neurones were more abundant in the reticular groove. In both, reticulum and reticular groove, the proportion of nitrergic neurones increased with age with the increase to be more pronounced in the reticular groove. We conclude that the increase of inhibitory innervation might enable the forestomach to adapt to large amounts of ingesta during rumination.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurochemical coding of myenteric neurones in the forestomach of suckling and fattened lambs

2004

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“…1998). Although forestomach motility is strongly regulated by sympathetic and parasympathetic extrinsic innervation, enteric neurons influence muscle activity by releasing excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, such as serotonin (Vassileva, 1977), vasoactive intestinal peptide (Denac et al. 1990), acetylcholine (Vassileva et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the RG shows the highest densities of ganglia and nerve fibers in the intramural plexuses with respect to other forestomach compartments (Kitamura et al 1986;Teixeira et al 1998). Although forestomach motility is strongly regulated by sympathetic and parasympathetic extrinsic innervation, enteric neurons influence muscle activity by releasing excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, such as serotonin (Vassileva, 1977), vasoactive intestinal peptide (Denac et al 1990), acetylcholine (Vassileva et al 1978) and nitric oxide (NO; Schneider & Eades, 1998). Intrinsic nerve pathways might be capable of coordinating the muscle activity of all the forestomach compartments in response to the vagal impulses received in the RG; in fact, although motility is dramatically impaired after a vagotomy, it is, however, still present (Gregory, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An immunohistochemical study of the distribution of nitric oxide synthase-immunoreactive neurons and fibers in the reticular groove of suckling lambs

Lalatta-Costerbosa¹,

Clavenzani²,

Petrosino³

et al. 2011

Journal of Anatomy

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The reticular groove (RG) is a specialized region of ruminant forestomach which, in suckling animals, via a vagovagal reflex, transforms itself into a tube to ensure the direct transport of milk from the esophagus to the abomasum. The nervous mechanism controlling the RG movement is not fully understood; however, at this level, the enteric nervous system (ENS) shows the highest neuronal density when compared with other forestomach compartments. Because nitric oxide is considered the putative major mediator of non-adrenergic noncholinergic smooth muscle relaxation, the aim of the present study was to investigate the ENS of the RG of suckling lambs, both in the floor and in the lip, with particular regard to nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-immunoreactivity (-IR), by means of double immunohistochemical staining. NOS antiserum was used in association with some neurochemical markers which have been utilized by many authors in ENS. A rich innervation of fibers extended along the entire length of the RG. Proceeding distally, the number of neurons stained with a panneuronal marker increased; they were more numerous in the lips and lip-floor junction than in the floor itself. However, the percentage of NOS-IR neurons was the same in the proximal and distal parts. Many NOS-IR neurons often co-expressed galanin and dopamine b-hydroxylase. Neurochemical markers, such as calbindin, calcitonin gene-related peptide, IB4 and neurofilament 200 kDa, usually used to identify primary sensory neurons were not expressed in RG neurons, and the co-localization of NOS with tyrosine hydroxylase and substance P was rarely found. When compared with other districts, the RG showed some peculiar aspects, such as the lack of both neurons in the submucosal plexus and the lack of typical sensory neurons.

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“…There is a wide distribution of VIP receptors along the digestive tract, particularly in the inner muscle layer of the reticulo-omasal orifice (ROO) (Wathuta 1986;Zdon et al 1988) and omasal wall (Yamamoto et al 1994) of ruminants. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide has been shown to relax both circular and longitudinal muscle strips from the omasal canal of the calf (Denac et al 1990) and produce cessation (quiescence) of electromyographic (EMG) activity of the ROO in conscious and anaesthetized lambs (Reid and Titchen 1988;Okine et al 1995 …”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide infusion on feed intake, digesta flow and nutrient digestion in sheep with access to feed for limited time

Li¹,

Okine²,

Christopherson³

2000

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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. 2000. Effect of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide infusion on feed intake, digesta flow and nutrient digestion in sheep with access to feed for limited time. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 80: [105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112]. Two experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) infusion into the gastric artery increases feed intake, duodenal flow and amino acid supply to the small intestine of sheep. Four sheep in exp. 1 and five sheep in exp. 2 were fistulated with rumen and duodenal cannulae. Sheep in exp. 2 also had an ileal cannula. In both experiments animals were fed a diet of alfalfa pellets ad libitum for 8 h per day in a thermoneutral environment (20 ± 2°C) and had free access to water and mineralized salt blocks. In exp. 1, VIP was infused at 1 nmol min -1 through a gastric-artery catheter for 10 min duration each hour for 3 h each day for 4 consecutive days. In exp. 2, VIP was infused at 1.5 nmol min -1 for 10 min duration each half-hour for 3 h each day for 7 consecutive days. Control sheep were infused with saline. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide infusion increased (P < 0.05) feed intake by 14.3 and 26.1% in exp. 1 and exp. 2, respectively. In exp. 2, there was a positive regression (P < 0.01) between intake and duodenal passage of dry matter (DM) (n = 5, r 2 = 0.67), organic matter (OM) (n = 5, r 2 = 0.68), and amino acids (AA) (n = 5, r 2 = 0.85). The present results suggest that VIP may play a role as a physiological regulator of feed intake in sheep and also has potential to increase the supply of nutrients to the animal. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 80: 105-112. Deux expériences ont servi à vérifier l'hypothèse voulant que l'infusion de polypeptide intestinal vasoactif (PIV) dans l'artère gastrique produisse une augmentation de l'ingéré alimentaire, du taux transit duodénal et de l'apport d'acides aminés à l'intestin grêle du mouton. Quatre moutons dans la première expérience et cinq dans la seconde étaient munis de fistules ruminale et duodénale. Les moutons de l'expérience 2 avaient, en plus, une fistule iléale. Les animaux pouvaient consommer des agglomérés de luzerne à volonté 8 h par jour dans un milieu exposé à une température normale (20 ± 2°C), avec accès libre en tout temps à l'eau et à des blocs de sel minéralisé. Dans l'expérience 1, le PIV était infusé par un cathéter introduit dans l'artère gastrique à raison de 1 nmol min -1 3 heures par jour pendant 10 min, durant 4 journées consécutives. Dans l'expérience 2, l'infusion à la dose de 1,5 nmol min -1 se faisait 10 min par demi-heure, 3 heures par jour, durant 7 journées consécutives. Les moutons témoins recevaient une infusion de soluté salin. L'infusion de PIV produisait des accroissements respectifs (P < 0,05) de l'ingéré de 14,3 % dans l'expérience 1 et de 26,1 % dans l'expérience 2. Dans l'expérience 2, il y avait une régression positive (P < 0,01) de l'ingéré alimentaire sur le transit duodénal de m.s. (n = 5, r 2 = 0,67), de m.o. (n = 5, r 2 = 0,68) et d'acides aminés (n = 5, r 2 = 0,85). ...

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Relaxation of Muscle Strips from the Reticular Groove and Reticulo‐Omasal Orifice by Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP)

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

Neurochemical coding of myenteric neurones in the forestomach of suckling and fattened lambs

Neurochemical coding of myenteric neurones in the forestomach of suckling and fattened lambs

An immunohistochemical study of the distribution of nitric oxide synthase-immunoreactive neurons and fibers in the reticular groove of suckling lambs

Effect of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide infusion on feed intake, digesta flow and nutrient digestion in sheep with access to feed for limited time

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