Release of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Aquaculture Farms to Selangor River, Malaysia

Kawasaki, Nobuyuki; Rajuddin, Mohd Kushairi Mohd; Nagao, Norio; Yusoff, Fatimah Md.; Imai, Akio

doi:10.7763/ijesd.2016.v7.751

Cited by 42 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…A colourimetric assay was used to analyse TDN and TDP of SB and KP SE filtrates based on the manufacturer's instruction manual, where nitrogen and phosphorus levels were calculated in mg L −1 . The concentrations of the samples were positively correlated with colour intensity ( Kawasaki et al., 2016 ). Each sample was measured in triplicate, and the average value was estimated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of targeted microalgae species growth using aquaculture sludge extracts

Arumugam

Ahmad

Yaacob

et al. 2020

Heliyon

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Natural growth-promoting nutrients extracted from aquaculture sludge waste can be used to maximise microalgal growth. This study identified the influence of aquaculture sludge extract (SE) on four microalgae species. Conway or Bold's Basal Media (BBM) was supplemented with SE collected from a Sabak Bernam shrimp pond (SB) and Kota Puteri fish pond (KP), and tested using a novel microplate-incubation technique. Five different autoclave extraction treatment parameters were assessed for both collected SE, i.e., 1-h at 105 °C, 2-h at 105 °C, 1-h at 121 °C, 2-h at 121 °C, and 24-h at room temperature (natural extraction). Microalgae culture in the microplates containing control (media) and enriched (media + SE) samples were incubated for nine days, at 25 °C with the light intensity of 33.75 μmol photons m −2 s −1 at 12-h light/dark cycle. The total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) and total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) in KP SE were 44.0–82.0 mg L −1 and 0.96–8.60 mg L −1 . TDN (8.0%–515.0%) and TDP (105%–186 %) were relatively higher in KP SE compared to SB SE. The growth of microalgae species Nannochloropsis ocenica showed significant differences ( p < 0.05) between the five extraction treatments from SB and the control. However, Chlorella vulgaris , Neochloris conjuncta , and Nephroclamys subsolitaria showed no significant differences ( p > 0.05) in SB SE. N. ocenica , C. vulgaris , and N. conjuncta showed significant differences ( p < 0.05) between five extraction treatments from KP and the control while N. subsolitaria showed no significant difference ( p > 0.05). The specific growth rate (SGR) in the exponential phase of all microalgae species were relatively higher in SB SE compared to KP SE. While the organic matter content of KP SE was relatively higher, there were no significant differences in microalgae growth compared to SB SE. Nonetheless, modified SE did influence microalgae growth compared to the control. This study shows that modified SE could be used as enrichment media for microalgae cultivation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of targeted microalgae species growth using aquaculture sludge extracts

Arumugam

Ahmad

Yaacob

et al. 2020

Heliyon

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“…This study examined the sh farming impact of the Rawang sub-basin, Selangor River, in which Selangor River's freshwater sh farming rose by almost 20,000 tons from 2008 to 2013 (Lembaga Urus Air Selangor [LUAS] 2014). Fish ponds act as a major nutrient source in Selangor River (Kawasaki et al 2016a) with about 300 freshwater and 50 brackish water sh ponds along the Selangor River basin (Kawasaki et al 2016b). However, the exact effects of these sh farming activities on aquatic organisms have not been established with limited published information on the freshwater shing industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate statistical approaches to benthic macroinvertebrates and water quality for farming impact assessment in Selangor River, Malaysia

Hettige

Hashim

Ash’aari

et al. 2021

Preprint

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This study examined the influence of fish farming activities on water quality and benthic macroinvertebrates at the Rawang sub-basin of Selangor River. Multivariate statistical techniques were used to determine major influencing water quality parameters causing organic contamination and the dominant pollution-tolerant benthic macroinvertebrates. Sampling was conducted at Guntong River (SR1), Guntong River’s tributary (SR2, the control site), Kuang River (SR3 and SR6), Gong River (SR4), and Serendah River (SR5) using random sampling techniques based on accessibility and proximity to fish farms. Benthic macroinvertebrates and water samples were collected from April 2019 to March 2020. Based on the principal components analysis (PCA), electrical conductivity (EC), dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammoniacal-nitrogen, and total suspended solids (TSS) were major water quality parameters influenced by fish farming activities. The Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) revealed that several taxa of benthic macroinvertebrates (Chironomidae, Naididae, Lumbriculidae, Tubificidae, unidentified Oligochaeta, Leeches (Helobdella sp.), Planorbidae, and some Odonata) were moderately or highly sensitive to TSS, BOD, COD, turbidity, ammoniacal-nitrogen, and EC. These taxa were dominant in the sampling sites, which were close to fish farms. Findings in this study showed that fish farming activities impacted the water quality and benthic macroinvertebrates in this sub-basin.

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“…One of the factors that influence carp production capacity is the frequent occurrences of high ammonia in the carp farming environment (Kawasaki et al, 2016), especially in floating net cage (FNC) located in reservoirs and artificial lakes. The phenomena are triggered by seasonal nutrient turnover or cycling phenomena in water bodies due to weather changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical Responses and Genetic Expressions of Synthetic Common Carp Populations Exposed to High-Ammonia Rearing Environment

Himawan¹,

Alimuddin²,

Nirmala³

et al. 2021

Indonesian Aquaculture Journal

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Carp is one of the leading freshwater aquaculture commodities in Indonesia. Further improvement of carp strains by the Research Institute for Fish Breeding (RIFB), Sukamandi, Indonesia, has produced a synthetic F2 carp. The strain is assembled from different strains of carps and has shown better growth and health characteristics. Considering that high environmental ammonia (HEA) has affected most carp grow-out systems, this study aimed to determine the performance of the synthetic carp populations in a high ammonia rearing environment. The treatments were rearing media of the synthetic carp seed populations added with and without (control) 200 mg/L NH4Cl arranged in three replicates. A total of 30 fish seeds/aquarium, weighed 10-15 g/fish, was used in the study. Dissolved oxygen levels were maintained above 2 mg/L using aeration. This study shows that higher tolerant carp populations had red blood cells of 232.66 ± 17.24 cells/mL, indicating a direct effect of high ammonia on red blood cell count (p<0.05). Cortisol levels of 80.90 ± 6.35 ng/mL in resistant carp indicate significant differences (p<0.05). The relative expressions of the HSP70 gene in the liver (Log10) ranged between 0.72 and 2.80. The values demonstrate that high ammonia-resistant synthetic carp have a higher relative expression ratio of the HSP70 gene than the less resistant group. This research concluded that the populations of synthetic F2 carp showed a degree of resistance against high-ammonia rearing conditions. When it is ready for aquaculture, this synthetic carp strain could be farmed in high density using intensive systems in HEA-affected artificial lakes and reservoir

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Release of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Aquaculture Farms to Selangor River, Malaysia

Cited by 42 publications

References 7 publications

Enhancement of targeted microalgae species growth using aquaculture sludge extracts

Enhancement of targeted microalgae species growth using aquaculture sludge extracts

Multivariate statistical approaches to benthic macroinvertebrates and water quality for farming impact assessment in Selangor River, Malaysia

Biochemical Responses and Genetic Expressions of Synthetic Common Carp Populations Exposed to High-Ammonia Rearing Environment

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