Relevance of Immunohistochemistry in Prospective Histopathological Study of 100 Cases of Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Gastrointestinal Tract

Modi, Manisha P; Shah, Nupur; Madabhavi, Irappa; Nilkanthe, Ramrao; Trivedi, Manasi

doi:10.1093/ajcp/aqw159.075

Cited by 2 publications

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“…FGCs showed positive staining for vimentin and SYN, indicating that they might originate from mesenchymal tissue, and should be characterized as neuronal or neuroendocrine cells. SYN is a type of glycoprotein, and is regarded as a highly sensitive marker for neuroendocrine cells (Albert et al, 2016;Modi et al, 2016;Rusyn et al, 2014). NSE, also known as γ-enolase (Braga et al, 2013;Korse et al, 2012), and GFAP, also known as intermediate filament protein (Wick and Hornick, 2010), are highly specific biomarkers for determinate neurons and neuroendocrine cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The compound eye is the primary visual system in crustaceans. Although the histological structure and histochemical characteristics of compound eyes of some insect and crab species are now well understood, no such studies have been undertaken in the whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). In this study, eye samples from L. vannamei were fixed and paraffin sections were stained using several histochemical methods. The histological structure of each layer of the compound eye was examined and compared using different histochemical staining methods. It was found that the compound eye of L. vannamei consisted of cuticle, cornea, ommatidia, optic nerve layer, lamina ganglionaris, and medulla in an outside-in order. The cuticle of L. vannamei eyes was very thin, composed of a single epicuticle layer, as confirmed by Masson's trichrome stain. The screening pigments produced by screening pigment cells were arranged at the junction of the ommatidia and optic nerve layer; these pigments stained differentially after different histochemical staining methods suggesting the screening pigment cells can be classified into different types. Notably, clusters of foamy glandular cells (FGCs) were observed in the optic nerve layer; these stained positively with periodic acid-Schiff and toluidine blue, and appeared blue after Masson's trichrome stain. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was used to further define the origin and characteristics of FGCs. The IHC analysis showed that FGCs were positive for vimentin and synaptophysin (SYN), suggesting their neuroendocrine nature. In the medulla internalis and medulla terminalis, the neural clusters that surround the neurophil could be divided into three types by differences in morphology: the largest and the smallest cell clusters were neuron clusters and neurosecretory cells, respectively; the middle-sized cell clusters appeared SYN-positive and have not previously been described. Overall, this study is the first to provide a detailed description of the normal features of the compound eye of L. vannamei. The identification of different types of screening pigments in the ommatidia, the endocrine nature of FGcs in the optic nerve layer, and the novel neural clusters between the medulla internalis and medulla terminalis, will be important information for further study into the compound eye of L. vannamei. define the origin and characteristics of FGCs. The IHC analysis showed that FGCs were positive for vimentin and synaptophysin (SYN), suggesting their neuroendocrine nature. In the medulla internalis and medulla terminalis, the neural clusters that surround the neurophil could be divided into three types by differences in morphology: the largest and the smallest cell clusters were neuron clusters and neurosecretory cells, respectively; the middle-sized cell clusters appeared SYN-positive and have not previously been described. Overall, this study is the first to provide a detailed description of the normal features of the compound eye of L. vannamei. The identification of different types of ...

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