Relevance of the selective oestrogen receptor modulators tamoxifen, toremifene and clomiphene in doping field: Endogenous steroids urinary profile after multiple oral doses

Mazzarino, Monica; Braganò, Maria Cristina; Torre, Xavier de la; Molaioni, Francesco; Botrè, Francesco

doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2011.06.005

Cited by 29 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In humans, T is also subjected to these fluctuations, as is previously shown in serum,46 saliva47 and urine 48 49. This daily, monthly and even yearly based variability of steroid hormones concentrations should not significantly impact the longitudinal follow-up of participants, and is included within the normal intraindividual variation of the steroid profile components.…”

Section: Abp and The Steroidal Modulementioning

confidence: 79%

Confounding factors and genetic polymorphism in the evaluation of individual steroid profiling

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the fight against doping, steroid profiling is a powerful tool to detect drug misuse with endogenous anabolic androgenic steroids. To establish sensitive and reliable models, the factors influencing profiling should be recognised. We performed an extensive literature review of the multiple factors that could influence the quantitative levels and ratios of endogenous steroids in urine matrix. For a comprehensive and scientific evaluation of the urinary steroid profile, it is necessary to define the target analytes as well as testosterone metabolism. The two main confounding factors, that is, endogenous and exogenous factors, are detailed to show the complex process of quantifying the steroid profile within WADA-accredited laboratories. Technical aspects are also discussed as they could have a significant impact on the steroid profile, and thus the steroid module of the athlete biological passport (ABP). The different factors impacting the major components of the steroid profile must be understood to ensure scientifically sound interpretation through the Bayesian model of the ABP. Not only should the statistical data be considered but also the experts in the field must be consulted for successful implementation of the steroidal module.

show abstract

Section: Abp and The Steroidal Modulementioning

confidence: 79%

Confounding factors and genetic polymorphism in the evaluation of individual steroid profiling

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The analysis of target steroids was carried out according to a previously published method [45], already applied to assess the influence on the steroid profile of other xenobiotics, like anti-estrogenic compounds [46]. Briefly, quantitative analysis was performed on an Agilent 6890/5973A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) system (Agilent Technologies, Milano, Italy), in electron ionisation (70 eV) mode, using an HP-1 17-m fused silica capillary column (cross-linked methyl silicone, i.d.…”

Section: Excretion/administration Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug-drug interactions and masking effects in sport doping: influence of miconazole administration on the urinary concentrations of endogenous anabolic steroids

et al. 2016

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We have investigated the influence of oral\ud miconazole administration on the urinary concentrations of\ud endogenous anabolic androgenic steroids of doping relevance,\ud specifically considering all these compounds routinely monitored in doping control analysis, in the framework of the\ud steroidalmodule of the ‘‘athlete biologicalpassport’’, and other\ud steroids, including dehydroepiandrosterone, 5a-dihydrotestosterone, and the hydroxylated metabolites recently\ud proposed as additional markers of the intake of testosteronerelated steroids (16a-hydroxy-androsterone, 16a-hydroxyetiocholanolone, 6b-hydroxy-androsterone, 6b-hydroxy-etiocholanolone, 7a-hydroxy-dehydroepiandrosterone, and 7bhydroxy-dehydroepiandrosterone). Urinary concentrations of\ud the final metabolic products of the glucocorticoid biosynthetic\ud pathways (11b-hydroxy-androsterone and 11b-hydroxy-etiocholanolone, the formerly used as an endogenous reference\ud compound for the gas chromatography–combustion-isotope\ud ratio mass spectrometry confirmation analysis) were also\ud monitored. Two healthy Caucasian volunteers exhibiting\ud physiologically high testosterone/epitestosterone ratios and\ud elevated concentrations of the main target steroids were\ud selected for the study. Miconazole was administered orally\ud (500 mg/day) for 1 week. Multiple urine samples were\ud collected for 1 week before and during the treatment, and\ud analyzed according to a validated analytical procedure based\ud on gas chromatography–electron ionization-mass spectrometry in selected ion monitoring mode. Our results indicated that\ud oral administration of miconazole decreased the urinary concentrations of androsterone, and to a lesser extent, of etiocholanolone (both detected as the sum of free and glucuronated\ud steroids), and consequently the androsterone/testosterone and\ud androsterone/etiocholanolone ratios. Furthermore, the urinary\ud concentrations of 16a-hydroxy-etiocholanolone, 16a-hydroxy-androsterone, 7b-hydroxy-dehydroepiandrosterone,\ud 6b-hydroxy-etiocholanolone, 7a-hydroxy-dehydroepiandrosterone, 6b-hydroxy-androsterone, 11b-hydroxy-androsterone,\ud and 11b-hydroxy-etiocholanolone were significantly suppressed. This evidence suggests the potential intake of\ud miconazole whenever the urinary steroid profile is characterized by abnormally low concentrations of the above-mentioned steroids

show abstract

“…Variations in EAAS urinary concentrations along the day have been previously reported, 28 and these fluctuations are considered to be the normal intraindividual variation. In order to evaluate the potential effect of GT along the day, data from urines collected on days −2, −1, 1, 7, and 8 (UC2 in Table 2) were compared.…”

Section: Excretion Rates Within a Daymentioning

confidence: 90%

The effect of tea consumption on the steroid profile

Coll

Matabosch

Garrostas

et al. 2018

Drug Testing and Analysis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Green tea (GT), along with its flavonol epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), has shown to inhibit the UGT2B17 isoenzyme, which is highly involved in the glucuronidation of testosterone (T) and its metabolites. Since the steroid profile (SP) is composed of urinary concentrations of T and related metabolites excreted in both the free and the glucuronide fractions, GT consumption could alter the SP, leading to misunderstanding in doping controls. The aim of the present work was to study the effect of GT consumption on the SP. This study was performed with 29 male volunteers, which could be classified in 2 arms depending on their T/E values (0.12 ± 0.02, n = 12; 1.64 ± 0.90, n = 17). The clinical protocol was designed to evaluate the effect of GT administration on the SP biomarkers. Participants were asked to consume GT with a high content of EGCG for 7 days (5 GT beverages along the whole day for days 1-6 and 9 GT beverages on day 7, corresponding to 520 and 936 mg/day of EGCG, respectively). Urine samples were collected before and during GT consumption at different time periods. The SP was measured using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The excretion rates of the SP metabolites did not change after GT consumption. Moreover, the individual evaluation of the subject's steroidal biological passport resulted in normal sequences. The results obtained show that GT consumption does not distort the establishment of normal ranges of SP parameters. Therefore, GT consumption does not need to be considered a confounding factor in the SP evaluation.

show abstract

Relevance of the selective oestrogen receptor modulators tamoxifen, toremifene and clomiphene in doping field: Endogenous steroids urinary profile after multiple oral doses

Cited by 29 publications

References 9 publications

Confounding factors and genetic polymorphism in the evaluation of individual steroid profiling

Confounding factors and genetic polymorphism in the evaluation of individual steroid profiling

Drug-drug interactions and masking effects in sport doping: influence of miconazole administration on the urinary concentrations of endogenous anabolic steroids

The effect of tea consumption on the steroid profile

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About