Relevance of Trehalose in Pathogenicity: Some General Rules, Yet Many Exceptions

Tournu, Hélène; Fiori, Alessandro; Dijck, Patrick Van

doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003447

Cited by 77 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Its possible role in virulence is supported by a previous report that identified this protein as a secreted virulence factor in Serratia marcescens (Hejazi & Falkiner 1997). Glutamate dehydrogenase and acid trehalase proteins, associated with the pathogenic potential of a microorganism, were also secreted exclusively by the virulent M. fijiensis isolate (Hammer & Jhonson 1988;Tournu et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Comparative analysis of the in vitro and in planta secretomes from Mycosphaerella fijiensis isolates

Escobar‐Tovar

Guzmán-Quesada²,

Sandoval-Fernández³

et al. 2015

Fungal Biology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Comparative analysis of the in vitro and in planta secretomes from Mycosphaerella fijiensis isolates

Escobar‐Tovar

Guzmán-Quesada²,

Sandoval-Fernández³

et al. 2015

Fungal Biology

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“…It had been shown previously that deletion of NTH1 alone had no effect on virulence (25). This result was initially surprising because of the predicted important roles for trehalose in stress tolerance and the apparent absence of other trehalases in the genome (17). However, our identification of NTH2, and the obviously redundant roles of these genes described above, raised the possibility that deletion of -type a, wild-type ␣, a nth1⌬, ␣ nth1⌬, a nth2⌬, ␣ nth2⌬, a nth1⌬nth2⌬, and ␣ nth1⌬nth2⌬ strains (left) were struck onto synthetic defined media containing either 2% glucose (middle) or 2% trehalose (right) as a sole carbon source and grown for 2 days at 30°C.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Trehalose has been shown to play two primary roles within microbes. First, trehalose is a reserve carbohydrate that can be accumulated and cleaved into two glucose molecules when external carbon sources are scarce, and second, trehalose acts as an osmostabilizer and stress protectant (17). In C. neoformans, trehalose biosynthesis is required for initiating sexual development, but roles for trehalose degradation in sexual development have not been documented in any system (23,55).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Broadly, trehalose accumulation has been associated with increased stress resistance that typically results in increased infectivity or virulence (17). However, changes in trehalose accumulation can result in changes in cell wall structure and morphogenesis that also may affect the ability of fungal pathogens to cause disease (20,21,23).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transcripts of genes important for trehalose metabolism were highly overrepresented in dormant spores, suggesting a role for the sugar trehalose in C. neoformans spore biology. Trehalose is a disaccharide of two ␣-linked glucose molecules (␣-1,1-glucose) that has been broadly linked to stress resistance and development in many organisms (14)(15)(16)(17)(18). In several fungi, trehalose biosynthesis has been intimately linked to virulence, morphogenesis, and the production of viable spores.…”

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confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Developmental Cell Fate and Virulence Are Linked to Trehalose Homeostasis in Cryptococcus neoformans

et al. 2014

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Among pathogenic environmental fungi, spores are thought to be infectious particles that germinate in the host to cause disease. The meningoencephalitis-causing yeast Cryptococcus neoformans is found ubiquitously in the environment and sporulates in response to nutrient limitation. While the yeast form has been studied extensively, relatively little is known about spore biogenesis, and spore germination has never been evaluated at the molecular level. Using genome transcript analysis of spores and molecular genetic approaches, we discovered that trehalose homeostasis plays a key role in regulating sporulation of C. neoformans, is required for full spore viability, and influences virulence. Specifically, we found that genes involved in trehalose metabolism, including a previously uncharacterized secreted trehalase (NTH2), are highly overrepresented in dormant spores. Deletion of the two predicted trehalases in the C. neoformans genome, NTH1 and NTH2, resulted in severe defects in spore production, a decrease in spore germination, and an increase in the production of alternative developmental structures. This shift in cell types suggests that trehalose levels modulate cell fate decisions during sexual development. We also discovered that deletion of the NTH2 trehalase results in hypervirulence in a murine model of infection. Taken together, these data show that the metabolic adaptations that allow this fungus to proliferate ubiquitously in the environment play unexpected roles in virulence in the mammalian host and highlight the complex interplay among the processes of metabolism, development, and pathogenesis.

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Inhibition of S. aureus Infection of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) by Trehalose‐ and Glucose‐Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles

Ariotti

Aghaei

et al. 2021

Angewandte Chemie

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Microbial adhesion to host cells represents the initial step in the infection process. Several methods have been explored to inhibit microbial adhesion including the use of glycopolymers based on mannose, galactose, sialic acid and glucose. These sugar receptors are, however, abundant in the body, and are not unique to bacteria. Trehalose, in contrast, is a unique disaccharide that is widely expressed by microbes. This carbohydrate has not yet been explored as an anti‐adhesive agent. Herein, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) coated with trehalose‐based polymers were prepared and compared to glucose‐functionalized AuNPs and examined for their ability to prevent binding to endothelial cells. Acting as anti‐adhesive agents, trehalose‐functionalized NPs decreased the binding of S. aureus to HUVECs, while outperforming the control NPs. Microscopy revealed that trehalose‐coated NPs bound strongly to S. aureus compared to the controls. In conclusion, nanoparticles based on trehalose could be a non‐toxic alternative to inhibit S. aureus infection.

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Relevance of Trehalose in Pathogenicity: Some General Rules, Yet Many Exceptions

Cited by 77 publications

References 37 publications

Comparative analysis of the in vitro and in planta secretomes from Mycosphaerella fijiensis isolates

Comparative analysis of the in vitro and in planta secretomes from Mycosphaerella fijiensis isolates

Developmental Cell Fate and Virulence Are Linked to Trehalose Homeostasis in Cryptococcus neoformans

Inhibition of S. aureus Infection of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) by Trehalose‐ and Glucose‐Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles

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