Reliability analysis of electric supply including standby generators and an uninterruptible power supply system

Utilizing Energy Storage for Reliability Solutions in Active Distribution Systems

“…Commercial and industrial customers generally install a standby supply system in the form of the uninterruptible power supply (UPS) or emergency generators to deal with short-and long-duration reliability events [3]. Sensitive customer loads can be connected to multiple supply points, such that in case of a disturbance in the primary supply point, the secondary supply will take up the load with fast switching action [4].…”

“…DERs that are not part of such microgrids and integrated along a distribution feeder can also operate in an islanded mode to reduce long-duration outages [11].Various aspects of utilization of ESS and other distributed energy resources to mitigate different reliability events have been explored in the existing literature. Reference [3] provides an analytic method to assess the contribution of energy storage and a backup generator to reduce the impact of sustained outages. A new method of protecting sensitive load against momentary interruptions using inverter-coupled ESS is developed in Reference [9].…”

“…The impact of intermittent renewable energy resources on the distribution network and the use of energy storage to mitigate this issue have been explored in Reference [12]. Authors in Reference [13] have analyzed the reliability and economic aspect of the microgrid with renewable energy resources and storage from the system planning perspective.Works in References [3,8,9,11,13] either only considers supply interruptions or the methods proposed are not readily applicable in the context of utility-scale distribution network. References [5][6][7]12] have taken into account the voltage sag/swell, however, generalized methods are lacking to incorporate the intermittency of renewable DGs and energy limitation of storages.…”

“…Works in References [3,8,9,11,13] either only considers supply interruptions or the methods proposed are not readily applicable in the context of utility-scale distribution network. References [5][6][7]12] have taken into account the voltage sag/swell, however, generalized methods are lacking to incorporate the intermittency of renewable DGs and energy limitation of storages.…”

Analysis of UPS system reliability based on Monte Carlo approach

“…In general, the provision of higher reliability means an increase in cost of acquisition, therefore, it is important to quantitative evaluate the reliability and economy of UPS system. There are some papers on reliability evaluation of UPS system [1][2][3] . The objection of the paper is to present a Monte Carlo technique, which can calculate system reliability index and analysis the reliability/economy.…”