Reliability Analysis of Local Scour at Bridge Pier in Clay-Sand Mixed Sediments

Abstract

Bridge pier scouring is an important issue for safety evaluation of bridges. The existing equations for bridge pier scour prediction are mostly deterministic in nature, which do not incorporate the uncertainties in various parameters of scouring. A methodology for reliability analysis of bridge pier against scour in cohesive sediments incorporating the uncertainties of the model and input parameters are presented herein using efficient spreadsheet algorithm for first order reliability method (FORM). The influence of uncertainties, the nature of probability distribution and correlation of basic input parameters on failure probability and reliability index has been studied and described briefly herein. A sensitivity analysis was also carried out to obtain the effect of the individual random variables on the reliability of pier scour. To achieve the desired safety level in the design of pier foundation, the reliability-based safety factor is proposed.

What Makes People Hide Knowledge? Influence of Passive Leadership and Creative Self-Efficacy

“…It has also been seen to impact some of the largest economies of the world, i.e., 46% of Chinese workers and 76% of the US workers tend to show knowledge hiding behavior (Pan et al, 2018). This behavior is not only limited to the developed economies; a mean score of 2.9 of 5 is reported in Pakistani workers who hide knowledge (Khalid et al, 2018). Similar trends have been observed in other emerging economies.…”

“…Recent studies suggest that knowledge hiding is greatly dependent on the leadership style (Jha and Varkkey, 2018;Khalid et al, 2018). Sometimes, knowledge hiding situation emerges when leaders become inactive and do not encourage learning and growth.…”