Reliability and cross-cultural validation of the Turkish version of Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) for children with cerebral palsy

Akpinar, Pınar; Tezel, Canan G; Eliasson, Ann‐Christin; İçağasıoğlu, Afitap

doi:10.3109/09638281003763796

Cited by 69 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…We found that the Korean version of the MACS demonstrated high reliability coefficients, similar to those observed for other versions of the MACS (Eliasson et al 2006(Eliasson et al , 2007Akpinar et al 2010). These high reliabilities were likely due to the careful translation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Reliability and validity of the Korean version of the manual ability classification system for children with cerebral palsy

Kang

et al. 2012

Child

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Reliability and validity of the Korean version of the manual ability classification system for children with cerebral palsy

Kang

et al. 2012

Child

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“…We used the Turkish MACS in this study14 ) . Cultural validation of MACS was published by Akpinar P et al 15. ) ; 3) CFCS was used to classify the everyday communication performance of children with CP7 ) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

What do the relationships between functional classification systems of children with cerebral palsy tell us?

et al. 2017

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Abstract. [Purpose] To examine the distribution of and relationship between the Gross Motor Function, Manual Ability, and Communication Function Classification Systems in different limbs of children with spastic cerebral palsy. We also investigated whether the four predicting variables of gender, age, manual ability, and gross motor classifications could significantly predict effective and non-effective communicator groups in communication function. [Subjects and Methods] This retrospective cross-sectional study included 327 children with a mean age of 10.13 ± 4.09 years. Classifications were performed by an experienced pediatric physiotherapist.[Results] Gross motor function levels showed a strong correlation with manual ability levels (r s =0.78). Manual ability level was strongly correlated with communication function levels (r s =0.73), particularly in quadriplegic children (r s = 0.78). Gross motor function levels were moderately correlated with communication function levels (r s =0.71). Effective communicators in communication function showed more functional levels of manual ability and were determined by Gross Motor Function classifications. The variables were better at predicting ineffective communicators (91% correct) compared with effective communicators (85% correct). [Conclusion] Further studies are needed to relate these functional performance systems to the activity and participation levels as well as the quality of life, desires, and participation of the subjects.

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“…In several studies, the inter-and intrarater reliability of the MACS has been found to be good to excellent between therapists as well as between parents and therapists, varying from 0.73 to 0.98 and 0.91 to 0.98 respectively. 2,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] There is also evidence supporting the stability of MACS classifications over a short period. In a previous study, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was high (0.92) and 67% of the children remained at the same level over a period of 1 year when scored by caregivers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

The stability of the Manual Ability Classification System over time

Öhrvall

Krumlinde‐Sundholm

Eliasson

2013

Develop Med Child Neuro

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ABBREVIATION MACSManual Ability Classification System AIM To evaluate the stability over time of the Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) levels.METHOD The study group comprised 1267 children with cerebral palsy (746 males, 521 females) who were followed from 2005 to 2010 with two or more registered MACS classifications rated at least 1 year apart. Thirty-five percent of the children (n=445) had four MACS registrations. The children were between 4 and 17 years old at their first rating, The stability over time was also compared between children who were younger (4y of age) or older (≥10y) at the time of their first classification.RESULTS An excellent stability was found between two ratings at 1-year intervals with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.97 (95% CI 0.97-0.97) and 82% agreement (n=1267). The stability was also excellent for two ratings performed 3 to 5 years apart (ICC 0.96; 95% CI 0.95-0.97) with an agreement of 78% (n=445). Across four ratings, 70% of the children remained at the same level. The results were similar for younger and older children, indicating that stability was not influenced by age.INTERPRETATION This study provides evidence that MACS levels are stable over time and that the classification has predictive value.Cerebral palsy (CP) is a clinical description and by definition; a permanent disorder of the development of movement and posture, causing activity limitation, attributed to non-progressive disturbances that occurred in the developing fetal or infant brain. 1 The motor disorder in CP is often accompanied by disturbances of sensation, perception, cognition, communication, and behavior, by epilepsy, and by secondary musculoskeletal problems.1 This description gives no information about the children's functional ability, and it has been suggested that the diagnosis of CP should be used together with functional classifications.1 One of these classifications is the Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) 2 that has been widely used in recent years, both in clinical practice and in research. However, further investigation is required to determine whether or not children remain at the same MACS level during development and growth and to establish if the MACS ratings have predictive value.The MACS consists of five levels and was designed to classify how children with CP aged 4 to 18 years use their hands when handling objects in daily activities.2 Children at MACS level I handle most objects easily and successfully. At MACS level II, they handle most objects but with somewhat reduced ability and/or speed. Children at MACS levels III to V need assistance to different degrees. At MACS level III, children handle objects with difficulty and require help in preparing and/or modifying activities. Children at MACS level IV can handle a limited selection of easily managed objects in adapted situations. At MACS level V, children cannot handle objects and have severely limited ability to perform even the simplest of actions. Further descriptions of the MACS levels can b...

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Reliability and cross-cultural validation of the Turkish version of Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) for children with cerebral palsy

Abstract: The Turkish version of the MACS is found to be valid and reliable, and is suggested to be appropriate for the assessment of manual ability within the Turkish population.

Cited by 69 publications

References 21 publications

Reliability and validity of the Korean version of the manual ability classification system for children with cerebral palsy

Reliability and validity of the Korean version of the manual ability classification system for children with cerebral palsy

What do the relationships between functional classification systems of children with cerebral palsy tell us?

The stability of the Manual Ability Classification System over time

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