Reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Ocular Surface Disease Index for dry eye disease

Abstract

ObjectivesThe Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire is widely used to evaluate subjective symptoms of dry eye disease (DED) as a primary diagnostic criterion. This study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the OSDI (J-OSDI) and assess its reliability and validity.Design and settingHospital-based cross-sectional observational study.ParticipantsA total of 209 patients recruited from the Department of Ophthalmology at Juntendo University Hospital.MethodsWe translated and culturally adapted the OSDI into Japanese. The J-OSDI was then assessed for internal consistency, reliability and validity. We also evaluated the optimal cut-off value to suspect DED using an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) analysis.Primary outcome measuresInternal consistency, test–retest reliability and discriminant validity of the J-OSDI as well as the optimal cut-off value to suspect DED.ResultsOf the participants, 152 had DED and 57 did not. The J-OSDI total score showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha=0.884), test–retest reliability (interclass correlation coefficient=0.910) and discriminant validity by known-group comparisons (non-DED, 19.4±16.0; DED, 37.7±22.2; p<0.001). Factor validity was used to confirm three subscales within the J-OSDI according to the original version of the questionnaire. Concurrent validity was assessed by Pearson correlation analysis, and the J-OSDI total score showed a strong positive correlation with the Dry Eye-Related Quality-of-Life Score (γ=0.829). The optimal cut-off value of the J-OSDI total score was 36.3 (AUC=0.744).ConclusionsThe J-OSDI was developed and validated in terms of reliability and validity as an effective tool for DED assessment and monitoring in the Japanese population.

Therapeutic Effect of Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) Combined with Meibomian Gland Expression (MGX) on Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD)

“…Symptoms (measured by OSDI) and signs (TMH, meibomian gland expressibility, meibum quality, eyelid margin abnormalities, and corneal staining) as well as corneal nerve condition after IPL treatment were evaluated in our investigation. e OSDI has been reported to be a reliable and valid parameter for discriminating the severity of dry eye diseases [28,29]. We found that the value was significantly decreased after IPL treatment compared with baseline, which is in agreement with other investigators' studies [13,14].…”

Comparing the Japanese Version of the Ocular Surface Disease Index and Dry Eye-Related Quality-of-Life Score for Dry Eye Symptom Assessment

“…Scores are graded from 0-100 in both questionnaires, but the DEQS cannot estimate severity by score unlike the J-OSDI. As for the validity by language, the J-OSDI has been confirmed to be valid in both Japanese and English [16], whereas the DEQS has only been validated in Japanese. As the OSDI is used worldwide, it can be used for comparisons between Japan and other countries.…”

“…In contrast, the OSDI is commonly used worldwide. The validity and reliability of the Japanese version of the OSDI (J-OSDI) were confirmed by Inomata et al in 2019 [16], and it became possible to perform epidemiological and symptomatic comparisons of DED between Japan and other countries. The J-OSDI and DEQS are now available as validated dry eye questionnaires in Japan, but the purpose of both these dry eye questionnaires are different, and both questionnaires have pros and cons.…”

“…Subjective symptoms were collected using the J-OSDI and DEQS. The J-OSDI was validated for Japanese individuals by a previous study [16]. The J-OSDI questionnaire consists of 12 questions with three subscales: ocular symptoms, vision-related function, and environmental triggers in accordance with the original English version (Allegan, Inc., Irvine, CA) of the OSDI [12].…”

A Review of Dry Eye Questionnaires: Measuring Patient-Reported Outcomes and Health-Related Quality of Life

“…The OSDI total score can be used to classify the respondent's dry eye symptoms as normal (0-12 points), mild (13-22 points), moderate (23-32 points), or severe (33-100 points) [30][31][32]. This questionnaire was originally developed in English [29] with subsequent translations and validations in Portuguese [33], Spanish [34], Farsi [35], Bahasa [36], Chinese [37], Filipino [38], and Japanese [39]. However, caution should be applied when using it, given that the cutoff values for DED differ across languages, with a threshold of 27.2 and 36.3 points in the Chinese and Japanese versions, respectively [37,39,40].…”