Reliability and Validity of the Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System in Adults with Cerebral Palsy

Hyun, Sung Eun; Yi, You Gyoung; Shin, Hyung Ik

doi:10.1007/s00455-020-10141-y

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…EDACS was developed to classify eating and drinking ability in children with CP 20 but has recently been evaluated and used for adults. 19 In a recent study EDACS was compared with the Swallowing Quality of Life questionnaire and was found to be a reliable and valid tool also in adults with CP. 16 The current study further validates the use of simple classification instruments as a method to identify individuals at risk needing further assessment to ensure safe eating and drinking and sufficient nutritional intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EDACS was originally designed to evaluate dysphagia in children with CP 20 but has since been found to be valid and reliable for both children and adults with CP. 19,20 In 2016, EDACS was added to the comprehensive classifications used in the combined Swedish national follow-up programme and quality registry for adults with CP, where adults are examined regularly by multiprofessional teams. 21 Thus, the purpose of this study was to describe eating and drinking ability in adults with CP relative to their sex, age, CP subtype, severity of gross motor and hand function, and their nutritional status.…”

Section: Eating and Drinking Ability And Nutritional Status In Adults...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, Hyun et al 19 investigated interrater reliability and validity of an instrument to classify eating and swallowing, the Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System (EDACS), in adults with CP. EDACS was originally designed to evaluate dysphagia in children with CP 20 but has since been found to be valid and reliable for both children and adults with CP 19,20 . In 2016, EDACS was added to the comprehensive classifications used in the combined Swedish national follow‐up programme and quality registry for adults with CP, where adults are examined regularly by multiprofessional teams 21 …”

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confidence: 99%

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Eating and drinking ability and nutritional status in adults with cerebral palsy

McAllister

Sjöstrand

Rodby‐Bousquet

2022

Develop Med Child Neuro

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Aim: To describe eating and drinking ability in adults with cerebral palsy (CP) relative to sex, age, subtype, and severity of gross motor and hand function and nutritional status.Method: This was a cross-sectional study based on data of 2035 adults with CP, median age 26 years (range 18-78 years). The Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System (EDACS), Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), and Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) were used in addition to subtype, body weight, height, body mass index (BMI), skin fold thickness, and gastrostomy. Linear regression models were used to estimate associations between body weight and the other variables.Results: More than half of the adults (52.5%) eat and drink safely and 32.4% have dysphagia with limitations to eating and drinking safety. Weight, height, and BMI decreased with increasing EDACS levels. In EDACS level V, 86% had a gastrostomy, 23.4% in EDACS levels III to V were underweight, whereas 42.3% in EDACS levels I to II had a BMI over 25, indicating overweight or obesity. Increasing EDACS levels and need of support during meals were associated with lower body weight.Interpretation: Adults with CP should be routinely screened and treated for dysphagia to avoid nutritional complications. Being dependent on others during mealtimes is a risk factor for low body weight.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Eating and Drinking Ability And Nutritional Status In Adults...mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eating and drinking ability and nutritional status in adults with cerebral palsy

McAllister

Sjöstrand

Rodby‐Bousquet

2022

Develop Med Child Neuro

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“…Content, construct, and concurrent validity of the EDACS have been demonstrated, alongside evidence that it is broadly reliable in clinical and research contexts when used by experienced clinicians and parents for individuals aged 3 to 22 years. [11][12][13][14] EDACS has been translated into more than 22 languages and validated in Chinese, 15 German, 13 and Dutch. 12 EDACS describes functional eating and drinking ability for people with CP from 3 years in two distinct ordinal scales.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System (EDACS) 11 describes the spectrum of eating and drinking ability of individuals with CP from 3 years of age; measures of reliability for 100 children with CP include kappa ( κ ) = 0.72 and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.93 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.90–0.95). Content, construct, and concurrent validity of the EDACS have been demonstrated, alongside evidence that it is broadly reliable in clinical and research contexts when used by experienced clinicians and parents for individuals aged 3 to 22 years 11–14 . EDACS has been translated into more than 22 languages and validated in Chinese, 15 German, 13 and Dutch 12 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mini‐EDACS: Development of the Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System for young children with cerebral palsy

Sellers

Pennington

Bryant

et al. 2022

Develop Med Child Neuro

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Aim:To develop and test Mini-EDACS to describe developing eating and drinking abilities of children with cerebral palsy (CP) aged between 18 and 36 months. Method:The existing Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System (EDACS) was modified to define Mini-EDACS content. Mini-EDACS was developed in three stages: (1) EDACS was modified after application to videos of standardized feeding evaluations of children with CP aged 18 to 36 months (n = 130); (2) refined content and validity of Mini-EDACS was established through an international Delphi survey; (3) interobserver reliability was assessed by comparing Mini-EDACS levels assigned by speech and language therapists (SaLTs) from video data and parent report. Results:Mini-EDACS provides age-appropriate descriptions for children aged 18 to 36 months with CP. Eighty-nine stakeholders participated in the Delphi survey; required levels of agreement were met after one round (i.e. >80% agreement). Thirteen SaLTs completed paired ratings from 43 video recordings: absolute agreement was 58% (kappa 0.43; intraclass correlation coefficient 0.78; 95% confidence interval 0.63-0.87).Interpretation: Mini-EDACS provides a valid system for classifying eating and drinking performance of children with CP under 3 years old. Results suggest moderate agreement and good reliability when rating Mini-EDACS levels from video recordings of young children with CP.

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Parental decisions to divorce and have additional children among families with children with cerebral palsy: Evidence from Swedish longitudinal and administrative data

et al. 2022

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This study analyzes the relationship of having a child with the early‐onset disability cerebral palsy (CP) and the parental decision to divorce and to have additional children. We use longitudinal matched case‐control data from multiple linked Swedish National Population Registers between 2001 and 2015 and perform Cox proportional hazards regressions with interval‐censoring. Although we do not find a general excess parental divorce risk on CP relative to the comparison group without CP, we find that having a child with CP increases the risk of divorce for parents with low education. We also find that having a child with CP reduces the likelihood of having additional children, especially for mothers in the older age range (maternal age at delivery >33 years) and parents with low education. The severity level of the disability, as indicated by gross motor function, is not related to the results. These findings should be understood in the Swedish context, which provides extensive welfare support (e.g., personal assistance). If future studies would find adverse results in countries with less social care and benefits, our results may indicate that it is possible to mitigate negative consequences for the family of a child with disability.

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Reliability and Validity of the Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System in Adults with Cerebral Palsy

Cited by 17 publications

References 38 publications

Eating and drinking ability and nutritional status in adults with cerebral palsy

Eating and drinking ability and nutritional status in adults with cerebral palsy

Mini‐EDACS: Development of the Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System for young children with cerebral palsy

Parental decisions to divorce and have additional children among families with children with cerebral palsy: Evidence from Swedish longitudinal and administrative data

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