Reliability and validity of the ankle inversion discrimination apparatus during walking in individuals with chronic ankle instability

Shao, Xuerong; Kang, Ming; Luan, Lijiang; Deng, Fawei; Adams, Roger; Wu, Tao; Han, Jia

doi:10.3389/fphys.2023.1036194

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The exclusion criteria for both groups included ( Li et al, 2020 ) lower extremity or spine surgery history; ( Litwic et al, 2013 ); ankle injury in the past 6 months or ankle OA; ( Cross et al, 2014 ); visual or vestibular disorders; ( Manlapaz et al, 2019 ); peripheral or central neurological disorders, e.g., stroke; ( Cunha et al, 2019 ); ongoing interventions that could affect the test results, including but not limited to medical, physical therapy, or other alternative treatment. Sample size was determined using G*power software, taking the results from previous work into consideration, where medium to large effect sizes were achieved in comparing ankle proprioceptive acuity between individuals with and without pathological status ( Shao et al, 2023a ). Finally, 32 individuals with KOA (median age = 52.7, BMI = 22.28 ± 3.00), and 34 healthy controls (HC) (median age = 47.0, BMI = 22.50 ± 2.72) were recruited ( Table 1 ).…”

Section: Methods and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The AIDAW was modified to incorporate an ambulation function into ankle proprioception assessment to achieve high ecological validity. In previous work, the AIDAW has been identified as a reliable and valid instrument that can be used to detect ankle proprioception deficits resulting from musculoskeletal dysfunction and aging ( Shao et al, 2022a ; Shao et al, 2023b ).…”

Section: Methods and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Knee osteoarthritis patients assessed during walking for ankle inversion movement discrimination sensitivity

Huang,

Li,

Shi

et al. 2024

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common musculoskeletal condition that affects dynamic balance control and increases the risk of falling during walking. However, the mechanisms underlying this are still unclear. Diminished ankle proprioception during walking has been found to be related to fear of falling in older adults, with a gender difference in incidence of falling. This study aimed to determine 1) whether ankle inversion proprioceptive acuity during walking is impaired in patients with KOA; and 2) whether there is any difference between genders.Methods: Thirty-two patients with KOA (F:M = 17:15, Median age = 52.5, BMI = 22.3 ± 3.0) and 34 healthy controls without KOA (HC) (F:M = 17:17; median age = 49.0, BMI = 22.5 ± 2.7) were recruited. In patients with KOA, ankle inversion proprioceptive acuity was measured on the affected side using the ankle inversion discrimination apparatus for walking (AIDAW), whilst HC were assessed on a randomly selected side. Two-way (2*2) analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to determine the main effects and interaction between gender and KOA condition.Results: Two-way ANOVA showed a significant KOA main effect (F = 26.6, p < 0.001, ƞp2 = 0.3) whereby AIDAW scores during walking for individuals with KOA were significantly lower than those without KOA (KOA vs. HC: 0.746 ± 0.057 vs. 0.807 ± 0.035). There was neither a gender main effect nor interaction (both p > 0.05).Conclusion: Individuals with KOA demonstrated lower ankle proprioception scores during walking compared to their healthy counterparts, with a similar level of impairment in ankle proprioceptive acuity between male and female patients. A low score may contribute to an increased risk of falling in the KOA population. The current findings suggest the need for global concern about lower limb proprioception in the clinical management of KOA.

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Section: Methods and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methods and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knee osteoarthritis patients assessed during walking for ankle inversion movement discrimination sensitivity

Huang,

Li,

Shi

et al. 2024

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“… Han et al (2016) proposed a psychophysical method of assessing somatosensory acuity through analysis of absolute judgments of different voluntary movement extents ( Han et al, 2016 ). Some clinical assessments using psychophysical theory, such as the Ankle Inversion Discrimination Apparatus-Walking and Landing tests ( Yu et al, 2021 ; Shao et al, 2023 ), have been widely used in sports injury prevention and performance enhancement. Chen and colleagues also designed a voluntary postural sway discrimination apparatus (SwayDA) to quantify somatosensory acuity during voluntary postural sway in the coronal plane and tested it with older people ( Chen et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voluntary postural sway control and mobility in adults with low back pain

Chen,

Tirosh,

Han

et al. 2024

Front. Neurosci.

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IntroductionLow back pain (LBP) is associated with altered somatosensory perception, which is involved in both involuntary and voluntary control of posture. Currently, there is a lack of methods and tools for assessing somatosensory acuity in patients with LBP. The purpose of this study was (1) to assess the reliability of the sway discrimination apparatus (SwayDA) (2) to evaluate the differences in somatosensory acuity between patients with LBP and pain-free individuals, and (3) to examine relationships between somatosensory acuity, severity of LBP, and mobility in patients with LBP.MethodsTwenty participants (10 patients with LBP and 10 matched asymptomatic controls) were recruited in a test–retest reliability test. Another 56 participants were recruited for this study with 28 individuals presenting with LBP and a further twenty-eight being asymptomatic. The SwayDA was custom-built to measure somatosensory perception during voluntary anterior–posterior (SwayDA-AP), medial-lateral to the dominant side (SwayDA-ML-D), and non-dominant side (SwayDA-ML-ND) postural sway control. Participants also completed mobility tests, including 10 times and 1-min sit-to-stand tests (10-STS, 1 m-STS). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated to quantify somatosensory acuity in discriminating different voluntary postural sway extents.ResultsThe ICC (2.1) for the SwayDA-AP, SwayDA-ML-D, and SwayDA-ML-ND were 0.741, 0.717, and 0.805 with MDC95 0.071, 0.043, and 0.050. Patients with LBP demonstrated significantly lower SwayDA scores (tSwayDA-AP = −2.142, p = 0.037; tSwayDA-ML-D = -2.266, p = 0.027) than asymptomatic controls. The AUC values of the SwayDA-AP test were significantly correlated with ODI (rSwayDA-AP-ODI = −0.391, p = 0.039). Performances on the 1 m-STS and the 10-STS were significantly correlated with the AUC scores from all the SwayDA tests (−0.513 ≤ r ≤ 0.441, all p < 0.05).DiscussionThe SwayDA tests evaluated showed acceptable reliability in assessing somatosensory acuity during voluntary postural sway. Somatosensory acuity was diminished in patients with LBP compared to asymptomatic controls. In patients with LBP, lower somatosensory acuity was associated with increased LBP-related disability. Future research could focus on investigating the factors contributing to the decreased somatosensory perception and mobility in individuals with LBP.

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Development of a 3D active movement extent discrimination apparatus for testing proprioception at the ankle joint with inversion movements made in plantarflexion

Zhao,

Zhang,

Wang

et al. 2024

European Journal of Sport Science

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Proprioception plays an important role in joint stability, and ankle sprains usually happen involving plantarflexion, internal rotation, and inversion. However, ankle 3D movement proprioception has never been measured in weight‐bearing. Accordingly, the active 3‐dimensional movement extent discrimination apparatus (AMEDA‐3D) was developed and its reliability and validity were investigated. A total of 58 subjects volunteered for this trial, with 12 subjects with chronic ankle instability (CAI) and 12 healthy controls in the test–retest reliability study. There were 17 subjects with CAI and 17 healthy controls in the validity study. An intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Minimum Detectable Change at the 90% confidence interval (MDC90) were computed. AMEDA‐3D scores were analysed by independent samples t‐tests, and Youden's index was used to calculate the optimal AMEDA‐3D cut‐off for discriminating individuals with CAI. Pearson's correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between AMEDA‐3D scores and Y Balance Test (YBT), Time In Balance Test (TIB), and Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT) scores. The main results were as follows: (1) The ICC(3,1) value of AMEDA‐3D scores was 0.817 (95% CI = 0.452–0.945) in CAI subjects. (2) The AMEDA‐3D proprioceptive area under the curve score used to discriminate CAI subjects from healthy controls was 0.778, with a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 82%. (3) AMEDA‐3D proprioceptive scores were moderately correlated with CAIT scores (r = 0.58 and p < 0.001), YBT (r = 0.47 and p = 0.005), and TIB (r = 0.68 and p < 0.001). Our findings suggest that the AMEDA‐3D tool shows good reliability and validity for clinical assessment of proprioceptive deficits associated with CAI. Improved ankle 3D motor proprioception may positively impact subjects' balance control, self‐rated symptoms, and function.

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Reliability and validity of the ankle inversion discrimination apparatus during walking in individuals with chronic ankle instability

Cited by 5 publications

References 40 publications

Knee osteoarthritis patients assessed during walking for ankle inversion movement discrimination sensitivity

Knee osteoarthritis patients assessed during walking for ankle inversion movement discrimination sensitivity

Voluntary postural sway control and mobility in adults with low back pain

Development of a 3D active movement extent discrimination apparatus for testing proprioception at the ankle joint with inversion movements made in plantarflexion

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