Reliability of a new measure to assess modern screen time in adults

Vizcaino, Maricarmen; Buman, Matthew P.; DesRoches, C. Tyler; Wharton, Christopher

doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7745-6

Cited by 57 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…While some screen time was not measured in our study, we focussed on leisure-based television and computer use and driving as these behaviours may be more amendable due to modifications to the neighbourhood built environment. Notably, some recent evidence suggests that self-reported time spent using smartphones and tablets may be less reliable than self-reported television and computer time (Vizcaino et al 2019). Future studies can investigate environmental correlates of other types of sedentary behaviour.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental attributes and sedentary behaviours among Canadian adults

Koohsari¹,

Oka²,

Nakaya³

et al. 2020

Environ. Res. Commun.

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The potential of the neighbourhood built environment for reducing sedentary behaviour has been highlighted in the recent research building on the socio-ecological models. Nevertheless, few studies have investigated the associations between objectively-measured environmental attributes and domain-specific sedentary behaviours in different geographical locations. Notably, high-quality environmental measures that are less data-dependent and are replicable in and comparable across different contexts are needed to expand the evidence on urban design and public health. We examined associations of environmental attributes and Space Syntax Walkability (SSW) with leisure screen time and car driving in a sample of Canadian adults. A total of 2006 Calgarian adults completed a survey that captured their leisure screen time and car driving. Environmental attributes were population density, intersection density, availability of sidewalks, availability of destinations, and SSW using geographic information systems. Adjusting for covariates, a one standard deviation increase in SSW was associated with 0.43 (95% CI −0.85, −0.02) hours/week decrease in leisure screen time. No other environmental attributes were significantly associated with leisure screen time. All environmental attributes (except the availability of sidewalks) were negatively associated with car driving. The strongest association was observed between SSW with car driving-a one standard deviation increase in SSW was associated with 0.77 (95% CI −0.85, −0.02) hours/week decrease in the car driving. Those who lived in highly populated and more connected areas with a variety of destinations nearby spent less time driving their cars. Further, our findings highlight that the composite measure of SSW is associated with both leisure screen time and car driving. Focusing on a novel environmental aspect (SSW) and an emerging health risk factor (sedentary behaviour) among a relatively large sample of Canadian adults, our study provides unique insights into environmental health research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental attributes and sedentary behaviours among Canadian adults

Koohsari¹,

Oka²,

Nakaya³

et al. 2020

Environ. Res. Commun.

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“…For a more detailed description of this 18-item questionnaire please see Vizcaino et al [15] The questionnaire has previously shown fair to excellent reliability, as assessed through intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs = 0.50-0.90), and thus can be used to appropriately classify individuals into different screen time use categories (e.g. low vs. high) [15]. In addition, we explored the new phenomenon of binge-watching [16][17][18] by including the question "How often do you watch multiple episodes of a television program through digital streaming in a single sitting?"…”

Section: Screen Timementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only recently has research begun to explore patterns of modern screen use across devices, times of day, and days of the week [15]. This approach to examining screen use represents an important next step in screen time research related to health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From TVs to tablets: the relation between device-specific screen time and health-related behaviors and characteristics

et al. 2020

Self Cite

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Background: The purpose of this study was to examine whether extended use of a variety of screen-based devices, in addition to television, was associated with poor dietary habits and other health-related characteristics and behaviors among US adults. The recent phenomenon of binge-watching was also explored. Methods: A survey to assess screen time across multiple devices, dietary habits, sleep duration and quality, perceived stress, self-rated health, physical activity, and body mass index, was administered to a sample of US adults using the Qualtrics platform and distributed via Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk). Participants were adults 18 years of age and older, English speakers, current US residents, and owners of a television and at least one other device with a screen. Three different screen time categories (heavy, moderate, and light) were created for total screen time, and separately for screen time by type of screen, based on distribution tertiles. Kruskal-Wallis tests were conducted to examine differences in dietary habits and health-related characteristics between screen time categories. Results: Aggregate screen time across all devices totaled 17.5 h per day for heavy users. Heavy users reported the least healthful dietary patterns and the poorest health-related characteristicsincluding self-rated healthcompared to moderate and light users. Moreover, unique dietary habits emerged when examining dietary patterns by type of screen separately, such that heavy users of TV and smartphone displayed the least healthful dietary patterns compared to heavy users of TV-connected devices, laptop, and tablet. Binge-watching was also significantly associated with less healthy dietary patterns, including frequency of fast-food consumption as well as eating family meals in front of a television, and perceived stress. Conclusions: The present study found that poorer dietary choices, as well as other negative health-related impacts, occurred more often as the viewing time of a variety of different screen-based devices increased in a sample of US adults. Future research is needed to better understand what factors among different screen-based devices might affect health behaviors and in turn health-related outcomes. Research is also required to better understand how binge-watching behavior contributes impacts health-related behaviors and characteristics.

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“…However, contact with nature has been decreasing as more people live in urban areas and spend the majority of their time indoors [ 12 ]. The problem is further compounded by excessive time spent in front of a screen, a behavior that is increasing, especially among young adults [ 13 ]. Furthermore, young adults, particularly college students, experience a plethora of stressors that cause distress in their lives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using the Multi-Theory Model (MTM) of Health Behavior Change to Explain Intentional Outdoor Nature Contact Behavior among College Students

Sharma

Largo-Wight

Kanekar

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Nature contact is an emerging health behavior and is defined as the interaction between human beings and animals, plants, natural scenic views, or outdoor activities. Studies have shown that exposure to the outdoors (as a means of contact with nature) reduces perceived stress and promotes health and wellbeing among varying populations in many settings. To date, however, there are few studies exploring the impact of nature contact among college students, especially in the United States. In addition, the determinants of nature contact behavior have not adequately been explored using behavioral theories. The purpose of this study was to use the multi-theory model (MTM) of health behavior change, a contemporary fourth-generation behavioral theory in explaining intentional outdoor nature contact behavior among college students. Using a cross-sectional design, 401 students completed the validated survey based on MTM. Of these, 281 met the inclusion criteria. The mean score for perceived stress based on the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) in the sample was 21.60 (7.08) units, with a possible minimum and maximum scores ranging from 0 to 40 units. Constructs of behavioral confidence (standardized coefficient = 0.591, p < 0.001) and changes in the physical environment (standardized coefficient = 0.271, p < 0.001) from MTM accounted for 57.5% of the variance in the initiation for intentional outdoor nature contact behavior. All the three constructs of MTM—namely, emotional transformation (standardized coefficient = 0.173, p = 0.021), practice for change (standardized coefficient = 0.317, p < 0.001), and changes in the social environment (standardized coefficient = 0.204, p = 0.002)—were statistically significant and contributed substantively toward the variance (31.0%) in sustenance. MTM provides a useful and pragmatic framework for designing interventions to promote intentional nature contact behavior among college students.

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Reliability of a new measure to assess modern screen time in adults

Cited by 57 publications

References 32 publications

Environmental attributes and sedentary behaviours among Canadian adults

Environmental attributes and sedentary behaviours among Canadian adults

From TVs to tablets: the relation between device-specific screen time and health-related behaviors and characteristics

Using the Multi-Theory Model (MTM) of Health Behavior Change to Explain Intentional Outdoor Nature Contact Behavior among College Students

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