Reliability of Goniometric Measurements

Boone, Donna C.; Azen, Stanley P.; Lin, Chong; Spence, Carol; Baron, C. A.; Lee, Lynn

doi:10.1093/ptj/58.11.1355

Cited by 483 publications

(281 citation statements)

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“…The measurement error for joint motion, reported in the literature, varies between the different movements measured and the position of the subject (Bierma-Zeinstra et al 1998;Boone et al 1978;Ekstrand et al 1982). Boone et al (1978) reported an average measurement error of 3.78 and concluded that individual variation in active lower limb 160 K. Hagberg et al…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Socket Versus Bone-Anchored Trans-Femoral Prostheses

Hagberg

Häggström

Uden

et al. 2005

Prosthetics &Amp; Orthotics International

153

112

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This is the first study to report on hip range of motion (ROM) among active prosthesis users, when wearing and not wearing a trans-femoral socket prosthesis and to compare with individuals rehabilitated with an osseointegrated bone-anchored prosthesis. In addition, discomfort when sitting with the prosthesis is reported in both groups. The study group all had a non-vascular amputation and were divided into those supplied with a socket prosthesis (S group) (n = 43, mean age 51 years, 74% men) or a bone-anchored prosthesis (OI group) (n = 20, mean age 46 years, 75% men). Active hip ROM was measured with a goniometer, and self-reported problems with discomfort when sitting were recorded. The hip motion decreased in all directions when wearing the socket prosthesis compared to without it (P 5 0.001 for all directions), and 37% of the subjects had less than 908 of hip flexion when wearing their prosthesis. Discomfort when sitting was reported among 44% (n = 19) in the S group and was more common among individuals with less than 908 of hip flexion motion (P = 0.025). In the OI group, no restriction in hip motion was measured with the prosthesis, and no subject had less than 908 of flexion and 5% (n = 1) reported discomfort when sitting. This study shows that a trans-femoral prosthetic socket significantly reduces the ROM of the hip and that discomfort when sitting is common among individuals wearing such prostheses. Further, the study confirms that individuals using a bone-anchored prosthesis have no restricted hip motion with the prosthesis and report very few problems with discomfort when sitting.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Boone et al (1978) reported an average measurement error of 3.78 and concluded that individual variation in active lower limb 160 K. Hagberg et al…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socket Versus Bone-Anchored Trans-Femoral Prostheses

Hagberg

Häggström

Uden

et al. 2005

Prosthetics &Amp; Orthotics International

153

112

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“…The arms of the goniometer should be aligned, with the proximal arm along the midline of the fibula, the fulcrum by the lateral malleoli and the distal arm parallel to the fifth metatarsal (Norkin and White, 1985). Regular goniometric range of motion evaluations have been shown to be reliable, with intra-tester reliability being higher than inter-tester reliability (Boone et al, 1978, Rothstein et al, 1983. HaglundÅkerlind and Eriksson (1993) used ankle range of motion in an hydraulic isokinetic dynamometer to obtain a more objective measure of muscle flexibility.…”

Section: Physical Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iontophoresis with or without dexamethazone in the treatment of acute Achilles tendon pain

Neeter

Thomeé

Silbernagel

et al. 2003

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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The purpose of this double‐blind study was to evaluate the effects of iontophoresis with dexamethazone to iontophoresis with saline solution on patients who had acute (less than 3 months) pain from the Achilles tendon, in terms of range of motion, muscular endurance, pain and symptoms. Twenty‐five patients (15 men and 10 women), aged between 18 and 76 years (mean = 38), were evaluated before and after 2 weeks of treatment with iontophoresis, as well as after 6 weeks, 3 and 6 months and 1 year. Two groups were treated for 2 weeks with iontophoresis for each treatment. Three ml of dexamethazone were used for the experiment group (n = 14) and 3 ml of saline solution for the control group (n = 11). Both groups then followed the same rehabilitation programme for 10 weeks. Good reliability was found for the toe‐raise and range of motion tests. Poor reliability was, however, found for the pain on palpation test, which was therefore excluded. No difference was found between or within groups for the toe‐raise test. Several significant improvements were seen in the experiment group but not in the control group, in the range of motion test, pain during and after physical activity, pain during walking and walking up and down stairs, morning stiffness and tendon swelling. Even though the small sample size limits the possibilities to draw definite conclusions, we conclude from the present study, using a double‐blind, randomised approach and a 1‐year follow‐up period, that positive effects from using iontophoresis with dexamethazone were found in the treatment of patients with acute Achilles tendon pain.

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“…Because of its widespread use in orthopedics, the reliability of goniometric assessment (continuous data) has been rigorously investigated. [6][7][8][9] Clinicians also utilize pass/ fail (or negative/positive) scoring systems (dichotomous data) to assess ROM about a particular joint. These orthopedic tests (sometimes referred to as ''special tests'') help to determine whether a particular type of dysfunction (i.e., impingement syndrome, agonist/antagonist imbalance in muscle strength or flexibility, etc.)…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of the Ely's test for assessing rectus femoris muscle flexibility and joint range of motion

Peeler

Anderson

2008

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Rehabilitative protocols and orthopadic research are significantly influenced by the ability to perform reliable measures of specific physical attributes or functions. The hypothesis was that the Ely's test for evaluating rectus femoris flexibility and joint range of motion (ROM) is a reliable clinical tool. Participants (n ¼ 54) were between the ages of 18 and 45, and had no history of trauma. Three clinicians with orthopedic expertise assessed quadriceps flexibility and joint ROM using pass/fail and goniometer scoring systems. A retest session was completed 7 to 10 days later. Statistically, Kappa values for pass/fail scoring (intrarater X ¼ 0.52, interrater X ¼ 0.46) and ICC values (intrarater X ¼ 0.69, interrater X ¼ 0.66) for goniometer data both indicated that the Ely's test demonstrated only moderate levels of intra-and interrater reliability. Measurement error values (SEM ¼ 48, ME ¼ 48, and CV ¼ 3%) and Bland and Altman plots (with 95% Limits of Agreement) further demonstrated the degree of intrarater variance for each examiner when executing the Ely's test in a clinical setting. Results call into question the statistical reliability of the Ely's test, and provide clinicians with important information regarding the reliability limits of the Ely's test when used to clinically evaluate flexibility and joint ROM in a physically active population. More research is required to determine the variables that may confound statistical reliability of this orthopedic technique that is commonly used in a clinical setting to assess function about the thigh region. ß

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Reliability of Goniometric Measurements

Cited by 483 publications

References 0 publications

Socket Versus Bone-Anchored Trans-Femoral Prostheses

Socket Versus Bone-Anchored Trans-Femoral Prostheses

Iontophoresis with or without dexamethazone in the treatment of acute Achilles tendon pain

Reliability of the Ely's test for assessing rectus femoris muscle flexibility and joint range of motion

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