Reliability of Linear Distance Measurement for Dental Implant Length with Standardized Periapical Radiographs

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the accuracy of distance measurements of implant length based on periapical radiographs compared with that of other modalities. We carried out an experimental trial to compare precision in distance measurement. Dental implant fixtures were buried in the canine and first molar regions. These were then subjected to periapical (PE) radiography, panoramic (PA) radiography, conventional (CV) and medical computed (CT) tomography. The length of the implant fixture on each film was measured by nine observers and degree of precision was statistically analyzed. The precision of both PE radiographs and CT tomograms was closest at the highest level. Standardized PE radiography, in particular, was superior to CT tomography in the first molar region. This suggests that standardized PE radiographs should be utilized as a reliable modality for longitudinal and linear distance measurement, depending on implant length at local implantation site.

Effect of Platelet-Rich-Plasma (PRP) and Implant Surface Topography on Implant Stability and Bone

“…IOPA x-rays are utilized in presurgical planning of implant treatment, intra-operatively, and for longitudinal assessment, especially for assessment of limited areas or individual implant sites. These have minimal distortion when they are well-angulated applying the standardized projection geometry and exposure dose is extremely low compared with that of other modalities [28].The unique features of the study included: a) It was a clinical study including human subjects; b) Implant placement was done in specified predetermined region of mandibular posterior area; c) Specific bone density i.e. D2 measured by CT scan was included; d) Implant angulation was determined with radiographic stent fabricated using milling machine; e) IOPA x-rays used to measure bone changes were standardized using putty occlusal jig; f) IOPA x-rays were obtained using paralleling technique with film holders which minimizes distortion; g) Single implant system and predetermined thread forms of implants were used throughout the study; h) Control group was included for each parameter.…”

Reliability of Circumferential Bone Level Assessment around Single Implants in Healed Ridges and Extraction Sockets Using Cone Beam CT

“…[1][2][3] It is a classical method to evaluate implant success based on bone level changes between loading and follow-up. [1][2][3] It is a classical method to evaluate implant success based on bone level changes between loading and follow-up.…”

Influence of the intergonial distance on image distortion in panoramic radiographs

“…2,13,27 The measurements obtained in the present study showed variation between different regions within the same group, with different magnifications between horizontal and vertical measurements. However, in the comparison between the three different groups, the magnification was constant.…”

“…These different results can be explained by the panoramic radiographic technique, which has a high propensity for horizontal magnification because the geometry of exposure, caused by variation in the distance between X-ray source, anatomical structures and film, is changed in different regions during rotation of the machine, as mentioned by some authors. 11,[25][26][27] When the mandibular groups were compared, a greater variation in horizontal measurements was observed in comparison with vertical measurements. Puricelli 13 mentioned that horizontal measurements are less accurate.…”