Reliability of Ratings on the Glasgow Outcome Scales from In-person and Telephone Structured Interviews

Abstract

The findings indicate good test-retest and interrater reliability for the structured interviews. In most circumstances a structured interview over the telephone can provide a reliable assessment of the GOS, and can safely be substituted for in person contact.

Mitochondrial DNA and traumatic brain injury

“…Nevertheless, GOS remains the most widely used method of assessment of outcome in TBI and has several advantages. These include its applicability across all ranges of age, severity, and outcome; the high reliability and validity of assessment achieved by the structured approach used in this study; and its high degree of correlation with the results of specific assessments focused on limited aspects of the state of survivors (eg, cognitive, behavioral, and emotional sequelae) and of detailed multidimensional assessments of health and psychosocial state, such as the SF‐36 questionnaire 39. Finally, mitochondrial haplogroup frequencies vary greatly between populations, and the nuclear genetic background of subjects with haplogroups T and K may differ from the nuclear genetic background of other mtDNA haplogroups.…”

The Glasgow Outcome at Discharge Scale: An Inpatient Assessment of Disability after Brain Injury

“…10 Cohen 17 proved that for a general tabulation of the results from two raters on a scale with several categories, the quadraticweighted kappa is exactly equivalent to the standard productmoment correlation coefficient if the marginal distributions are identical. Table 2 in the article by Pettigrew and associates 10 shows that in the context of the GOS-E, the marginal distributions from each assessment are indeed very similar.…”

“…10 Cohen 17 proved that for a general tabulation of the results from two raters on a scale with several categories, the quadraticweighted kappa is exactly equivalent to the standard productmoment correlation coefficient if the marginal distributions are identical. Table 2 in the article by Pettigrew and associates 10 shows that in the context of the GOS-E, the marginal distributions from each assessment are indeed very similar. We therefore base the sample size calculation for quadratic-weighted kappa on that for the product-moment correlation coefficient r. Algina and Olejnik 18 provide tables for the product-moment correlation coefficient in terms of the sample size needed to achieve a given width of CI for a range of possible true values of r. Hence, we estimated that about 60 patients were needed for the reliability study and, from previous studies, approximately 80 to assess validity.…”

“…We therefore base the sample size calculation for quadratic-weighted kappa on that for the product-moment correlation coefficient r. Algina and Olejnik 18 provide tables for the product-moment correlation coefficient in terms of the sample size needed to achieve a given width of CI for a range of possible true values of r. Hence, we estimated that about 60 patients were needed for the reliability study and, from previous studies, approximately 80 to assess validity. [6][7][8][9][10] Inter-rater reliability on the GODS was assessed using the quadratic-weighted kappa and 95% CI. Concurrent and convergent validity (association between GODS and each of inpatient DRS and SF-36, respectively) was quantified by the Spearman rank correlation coefficient and 95% CI.…”

“…Both the GOS and GOS-E are simple and quick to administer and are valid and reliable when used in face to face interview, telephone interview, or in amended form by postal return. [6][7][8][9][10] The GOS is not valid in a hospital setting, however, because a key criterion is restitution of independence in society. Despite this, the GOS continues to be used inappropriately in studies on hospitalized patients, emphasizing a demand for an inpatient version.…”