Reliability of salivary biomarkers as skeletal maturity indicators: A systematic review

Khade, Dipak Mahadev; Bhad, Wasundhara A.; Chavan, Santosh J.; Muley, Aboli; Shekokar, Shrutika

doi:10.1016/j.ortho.2022.100716

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Whereas, in cervical stage 5 and 6 subjects were near the completion of maturation, thus there was retarded bone metabolism and resultant decreased alkaline phosphatase activity. These results were in accordance with the study done by Sonwane S and Bhad W et al (2022) 3 and Khade DM et al (2023) 14 who reported that salivary biomarkers can be used as an adjunct for growth prediction along with the other methods of skeletal maturation assessment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Evaluation of reliability of salivary alkaline phosphatase in comparison to other methods of assessing the skeletal maturation

Ahuja,

Singla,

Mahajan

et al. 2024

JCO

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Evaluation of skeletal maturation is crucial to growth determination which in turn influences orthodontic treatment planning. Various methods employed for assessment are chronological age, hand wrist maturation, cervical vertebral maturation, and dental calcification. Recently, salivary Bone specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) have been introduced due to its role in the bone mineralization process. To test the alternate hypothesis that salivary alkaline phosphatase is a reliable indicator of skeletal maturity in comparison with other methods of assessment of skeletal maturation. Total 112 subjects were selected out of 150 subjects on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria, for participation in the study. For each subject, personal details including chronological age was noted. Height and weight measurements were done for calculation of body mass index (BMI). Further, Lateral Cephalogram and Orthopantomogram were obtained for assessment of cervical vertebrae maturation stages and Demirjian index. Then, an unstimulated salivary sample was collected for evaluation of alkaline phosphatase activity by colorimetric method. The data obtained was analyzed using SPSS software. The results of the present study showed that the highest correlation for skeletal maturation assessment was found with alkaline phosphatase activity. The hypothesis is accepted. Salivary Alkaline Phosphatase proved to be reliable biomarker for assessment of skeletal maturation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Evaluation of reliability of salivary alkaline phosphatase in comparison to other methods of assessing the skeletal maturation

Ahuja,

Singla,

Mahajan

et al. 2024

JCO

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“…Nevertheless, in a recent systematic review by Khade et al (2023), which aimed to assess the reliability of various salivary biomarkers as skeletal maturity indicators, the evidence suggested that up until now, salivary ALP could not be used as a diagnostic tool for skeletal maturation assessment, but only as an adjunct to other reliable methods, which is in accordance with the results of this study. The systematic review concluded that there is still a need for further research with longitudinal studies in this field [11].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) is the bone-specific isoform of alkaline phosphatase and has been found to be a bone metabolism marker with high reliability [9]. BALP levels or activity have been linked with saliva, suggesting that salivary BALP could be considered a valuable diagnostic tool for growth spurt assessment, even though the results have been contradictory up until now [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Bone Alkaline Phosphatase and Osteocalcin in Saliva as Indicators of Skeletal Maturity in Children

Kouvelis,

Davidopoulou,

Kolokitha

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) and osteocalcin (OC) in the saliva of growing patients of different maturation levels. The sample consisted of 55 patients (34 females and 21 males of 7–16 years old). Two milliliters of saliva were collected and BALP and OC levels were assessed. Skeletal age was estimated using the cervical vertebral maturation method (CVM). The relationship between the biomarkers’ concentration in saliva and skeletal age was examined with the Spearman’s coefficient “ρ” (rho). Correlations between skeletal age groups and BALP and OC concentrations were assessed with the Kruskal–Wallis or the Mann–Whitney tests. No statistically significant differences in the levels of BALP (p = 0.568) and OC (p = 0.996) in saliva were identified according to the patient’s skeletal age. The use of BALP and OC levels in saliva seems to be dubious for skeletal growth assessment. However, slightly differentiated levels of those biomarkers, especially of BALP, through the different maturation stages, with higher concentrations at the pubertal phase, have been noticed. More studies are needed to clarify the exact potential role of these biomarkers as predictors of pubertal onset.

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A simplified protocol for deep quantitative proteomic analysis of gingival crevicular fluid for skeletal maturity indicators

Yang,

Wang,

Liao

et al. 2024

Analytica Chimica Acta

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Reliability of salivary biomarkers as skeletal maturity indicators: A systematic review

Cited by 5 publications

References 38 publications

Evaluation of reliability of salivary alkaline phosphatase in comparison to other methods of assessing the skeletal maturation

Evaluation of reliability of salivary alkaline phosphatase in comparison to other methods of assessing the skeletal maturation

The Role of Bone Alkaline Phosphatase and Osteocalcin in Saliva as Indicators of Skeletal Maturity in Children

A simplified protocol for deep quantitative proteomic analysis of gingival crevicular fluid for skeletal maturity indicators

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