“…L-lactate can be measured using methodologies, such as commercially available enzymatic analytical assays, blood gas analyzers, or hand-held devices, with the latter ones being developed to be more time and cost effective than traditional analytical methods. Lactate Scout hand-held monitors have been validated for use in horses [14], dogs [15], sheep [16], pigs [17], cows, and calves [18]. Hand-held analyzers, such as the Accusport (Boheringer, Mannheim, Germany), Accutrend Plus (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany), i-STAT (Abbott Point of Care, Abbott Laboratories, Chicago, IL), Lactate Scout (SensLab GmbH, Leipzig, Germany), and Lactate Pro (Arkay Inc, Kyoto, Japan) were shown to correlate (r > 0.94) with the laboratory based measures in cattle with different diseases [19,20].…”