Reliability of ultrasonography for the cervical multifidus muscle in asymptomatic and symptomatic subjects

Kristjansson, Eythor

doi:10.1016/s1356-689x(03)00059-6

Cited by 131 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In earlier studies, muscle size, shape, and symmetry, and the change in these parameters during activity compared to a resting state, were studied using ultrasound to describe reference values or capture abnormalities due to muscle atrophy or hypotrophy (Rezasoltani et al, 2002;Kristjansson et al, 2004;Rankin et al, 2005;Lee et al, 2007Lee et al, , 2009Fernández-De-Las-Peñas et al, 2008). However, the ultrasound technique cannot be used as a direct measure of activity and recruitment.…”

Section: Present Results Compared With Earlier Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such findings have been seen in the neck flexors Falla et al, 2004Falla et al, , 2006Falla et al, , 2007 and the lumbar spine (Hides et al, 1996). Kristjansson (2004) found it more difficult to visualize the fascia dividing the multifidus and SSCerv in patients with a whiplash-associated disorder than in healthy people, and suggested that these findings were due to hypotrophy and dysfunction of the multifidus. Fernández de las peñas et al (2008) found the CSA of the multifidus to be smaller in patients with bilateral mechanical neck pain compared to healthy controls, which is consistent with the results of other studies that found inhibition of the deep ventral neck muscles following pain , Falla et al, 2004.…”

Section: Representativeness Of the Populationmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Ultrasound is a well documented imaging method (Hides et al, 1995;Kristjansson, 2004;Fernández-De-Las-Peñas et al, 2008;Lee et al, 2009) that can capture functional movements in real time. The method is highly complementary to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and is noninvasive, in contrast to wire electromyogram (EMG).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The method is highly complementary to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and is noninvasive, in contrast to wire electromyogram (EMG). Traditional grey scale ultrasound, which has been used in previous studies of neck muscles (Rezasoltani et al, 1998(Rezasoltani et al, , 1999(Rezasoltani et al, , 2002Kristjansson, 2004;Rankin et al, 2005;Fernández-De-Las-Peñas et al, 2008;Jesus et al, 2008;Lee et al, 2009), provides information about anatomical landmarks and structural information about the tissue. Dorsal (Lee et al, 2007(Lee et al, , 2009) and ventral (Jesus et al, 2008) neck muscles have been studied using changes in muscle thickness or cross-sectional area (CSA) as an indication of muscle activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A tissue velocity ultrasound imaging investigation of the dorsal neck muscles during resisted isometric extension

2010

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Persons with neck pain exhibit altered patterns of muscle patterning, but limited investigations have been carried out on these alterations or muscle patterning in healthy volunteers. This study investigated the tissue motion of the dorsal neck muscles at the C4 segmental level in 15 healthy subjects during manually resisted head extension. Doppler-based tissue velocity ultrasound imaging (TVI) was used to detect regional tissue deformation, providing indirect evidence of inter-muscular movement patterning. The deep muscles, multifidus and semispinalis, had different muscular movement patterning than the superficial muscles, especially the trapezius muscle. The semispinalis cervicis was the first deformed upon exercise initiation, followed by multifidus and semispinalis capitis. The semispinalis muscles, notably capitis, exhibited a high rate of deformation during the exercise. The trapezius muscle exhibited the least deformation and the lowest deformation rate. In conclusion, TVI provided detailed information on regional tissue activity and muscle movement patterning among the dorsal neck muscles. In future studies, data from patients with neck disorders will have to be matched to data from healthy volunteers in a variety of situations and activities.

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Section: Present Results Compared With Earlier Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Representativeness Of the Populationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A tissue velocity ultrasound imaging investigation of the dorsal neck muscles during resisted isometric extension

2010

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“…This procedure has been used in previous studies and has produced acceptable intratester and intertester reliability. 19,20 First, the needling insertion of the cervical multifidus was performed, and the ultrasound study was conducted with the needle inserted into the cervical spine of the patient.…”

Section: Ultrasound Imaging Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cadaveric and Ultrasonographic Validation of Needling Placement in the Cervical Multifidus Muscle

Fernández‐de‐las‐Peñas

Mesa-Jiménez

Paredes-Mancilla

et al. 2017

Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics

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Objective: The aim of this study was to determine if a needle is able to reach the cervical multifidus during the application of dry needling or acupuncture. Methods: Dry needling and ultrasound imaging of cervical multifidi was conducted on 5 patients (age: 32 ± 5 years) with mechanical neck pain and on 2 fresh cadavers (age: 64 ± 1 years). Dry needling was done using a needle of 40 mm in length inserted perpendicular to the skin about 1 cm lateral to the spinous process at C3-C4. The needle was advanced from a posterior to anterior direction into the cervical multifidus with a slight inferior-medial angle (approximately 10°) to reach the vertebra lamina. For the cadaveric study, the multifidus was isolated by carefully resecting the superficial posterior cervical muscles: trapezius, splenius, and semispinalis. For the ultrasonographic study, a convex transducer was placed transversely over C3-C4 after the insertion of the needle into the muscle. Results: The results of both the cadaveric and ultrasonic studies found that the needle does pierce the cervical multifidus muscle during insertion and that the tip of the needle rests properly against the vertebral laminae, thereby guarding the sensitive underlying spinal structures from damage. Conclusion: This anatomical and ultrasound imaging study supports that dry needling of the cervical multifidus could be conducted clinically. (J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2017;xx:0-6)

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Magnetic resonance imaging study of cross‐sectional area of the cervical extensor musculature in an asymptomatic cohort

et al. 2005

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can be regarded as the gold standard for muscle imaging; however there is little knowledge about in vivo morphometric features of neck extensor muscles in healthy subjects and how muscle size alters across vertebral segments. It is not known how body size and activity levels may influence neck muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) or if the muscles differ from left and right. The purpose of this study was to establish relative CSA (rCSA) data for the cervical extensor musculature with a reliable MRI measure in asymptomatic females within a defined age range and to determine if side-side and vertebral level differences exist. MRI of the cervical spine was performed on 42 asymptomatic female subjects within the age range of 18-45. The rCSA values for the cervical extensor muscles were measured from axial T1-weighted images. We found significant side-side rCSA differences for the rectus capitis posterior minor, major (P < 0.001), multifidus (P = 0.002), and the semispinalis cervicis/capitis (P = 0.001, P < 0.001). There were significant vertebral level differences in rCSA of the semispinalis cervicis/capitis, multifidus, splenius capitis, and upper trapezius (P < 0.001). Activity levels were shown to impact on the size of semispinalis cervicis (P = 0.027), semispinalis capitis (P = 0.003), and the splenius capitis (P = 0.004). In conclusion, measuring differences in neck extensor muscle rCSA with MRI in an asymptomatic population provides the basis for future study investigating relationships between muscular atrophy and symptoms in patients suffering from persistent neck pain. Clin.

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Reliability of ultrasonography for the cervical multifidus muscle in asymptomatic and symptomatic subjects

Cited by 131 publications

References 23 publications

A tissue velocity ultrasound imaging investigation of the dorsal neck muscles during resisted isometric extension

A tissue velocity ultrasound imaging investigation of the dorsal neck muscles during resisted isometric extension

Cadaveric and Ultrasonographic Validation of Needling Placement in the Cervical Multifidus Muscle

Magnetic resonance imaging study of cross‐sectional area of the cervical extensor musculature in an asymptomatic cohort

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