Religiosity and Corruption

Zakaria, Patty

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-66254-1_5

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This occurs because more educated families provide a richer political environment for the development of different political outcomes, while also promoting the development of cognitive abilities required to influence those political outcomes (Miranda, 2018). Thus, we expect adolescent students from lower SES families to present more tolerance of corruption, replicating the gap observed among adults (Lavena, 2013;Zakaria, 2018). Moreover, following the sophistication hypothesis, we expected that these relations are largely mediated and explained by the students' current levels of political sophistication.…”

Section: Sophistication Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 53%

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Civic knowledge and open classroom discussion: explaining tolerance of corruption among 8th-grade students in Latin America

Carrasco

Banerjee

Treviño

et al. 2019

Educational Psychology

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The endorsement of anti-corruption norms is a normative assumption in legal systems with freedom of information acts, where citizens are expected to act as monitors of the public service.Tolerance of corruption counteracts this assumption. We studied tolerance of corruption among 8th graders from Latin-American samples of the International Civic and Citizenship Study 2009.We proposed a model where associations between students' socioeconomic status (SES) and tolerance of corruption are explained by civic knowledge, authoritarianism and open classroom discussion. This model accounted for 36% to 43% of the variance within schools, and 87% to 96% of the variance between schools, across six countries. The socioeconomic gap in tolerance of corruption was mainly present between schools. In addition, students with higher civic knowledge were less tolerant of corruption, partially explained by authoritarianism, while open classroom discussion also had indirect associations with tolerance of corruption.

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Section: Sophistication Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 53%

“…More educated adults are expected to possess extensive and organised knowledge that structures political opinions, facts and concepts (Lyons, 2017). Studies using the World Values Survey have consistently found a small negative association between educational attainment and tolerance of corruption (Lavena, 2013;Zakaria, 2018).…”

Section: Sophistication Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Civic knowledge and open classroom discussion: explaining tolerance of corruption among 8th-grade students in Latin America

Carrasco

Banerjee

Treviño

et al. 2019

Educational Psychology

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“…By contrast, Protestants perceive sin as an individual matter (Treisman 2000). Research confirms that, by emphasizing God's forgiveness, Catholics may, in a way, "encourage" the committing of a sin, i.e., tolerating unethical actions (Zakaria 2018). In this context, it should be pointed out that the practice of confession in the Catholic church has been undergoing a serious crisis and that several Catholics do not observe the annual individual confession requirement.…”

Section: The Concept Of and Acceptance For Nepotism From The Perspectmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In contrast to Protestantism, Catholicism puts much more emphasis on the personal family and friendship relationships (Arruñada 2004(Arruñada , 2010Yeganeh 2014;Akbari et al 2019;Treisman 2000), which also provokes nepotism. Although there is research evaluating the influence of the practiced religion on economic development (over 100 years ago Max Weber wrote The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, in which he claimed that Protestantism contributed economic development more significantly than Catholicism) and on the elimination of an unethical behavior (e.g., corruption) (Yeganeh 2014;Zakaria 2018;Treisman 2000), there is still a shortage of research comparing the approach towards nepotism depending on the membership in a given Christian denomination, with particular attention being paid to Catholicism and Protestantism.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nepotism may be described as one of the forms of corruption. In such a case, it would be higher in countries originating from the strong Catholic influence because a higher level of corruption is visible under such influence (Yeganeh 2014;Zakaria 2018;Treisman 2000). By contrast, the decline in the share of Christians originating from Protestantism in the life of the society leads to an increase in undesirable phenomena, like corruption (Mutascu 2010) and, thus, nepotism.…”

Section: The Concept Of and Acceptance For Nepotism From The Perspectmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Perception of Organisational Nepotism Depending on the Membership in Selected Christian Churches

2020

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Nepotism, just like any other form of favouratism in the workplace, is a phenomenon that is basically evaluated negatively. It adversely influences social and economic development and it has not been considered in relation to the membership of a given Christian denomination. This article reviews the literature on nepotism and takes into account the religious perspective on nepotism while the research part focuses on the analysis of nepotism taking into consideration both Catholic and Protestant perspectives. Thus, the article falls within the discussion initiated by Max Weber, who found that religious membership had an influence on economic development because business leaders, capital owners, and a highly qualified workforce and well-trained enterprise employees were, by and large, Protestants. The article is aimed at analyzing the effects of nepotism and evaluating this phenomenon from the perspective of the abovementioned Christian denominations. Qualitative and quantitative methods were included in the conducted research. As far as the qualitative method is concerned, an individual in-depth interview, conducted with two Catholic and two Protestant clerics, was applied. Within the second stage, i.e., the quantitative surveys, information received in the interviews was verified and the way of understanding and accepting the phenomenon of nepotism depending on the religious membership was learnt. This research demonstrated that Protestants regard the phenomenon of nepotism as negative more frequently than Catholics and the phenomenon is more common among Catholics than Protestants.

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Tolerance of Corruption Among Students in Latin America

Carrasco

Mediano

2021

IEA Research for Education

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Anti-corruption reforms introduced in Latin America in the last decade require active citizenry. In particular, efforts to strengthen transparency laws assume citizens are able to identify, condemn, and denounce corrupt acts. Thus, tolerance of corruption among citizens is problematic for these institutions. Using data from IEA's International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS) 2016, this chapter analyzes which students are at higher risk of tolerating corruption and address how schools may promote the endorsement of anticorruption norms. A series of multilevel models were used to predict tolerance of corruption. The main findings suggest that civic knowledge and endorsement of authoritarianism are the main predictors of tolerance of corruption among students, accounting for 49% of the variance at the population level. In multilevel models, open classroom discussion is negatively related to tolerance of corruption. However, once civic knowledge is entered into the model, the relationship seems to be indirect. This chapter discusses how promoting open classroom discussion and civic knowledge in schools may prevent tolerance of corruption.

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Religiosity and Corruption

Cited by 15 publications

References 20 publications

Civic knowledge and open classroom discussion: explaining tolerance of corruption among 8th-grade students in Latin America

Civic knowledge and open classroom discussion: explaining tolerance of corruption among 8th-grade students in Latin America

The Perception of Organisational Nepotism Depending on the Membership in Selected Christian Churches

Tolerance of Corruption Among Students in Latin America

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