Relocating Motivational Effects: A Synthesis of Cognitive and Motivational Effects on Attributions for Success and Failure

Anderson, Craig A.; Slusher, Morgan P.

doi:10.1521/soco.1986.4.3.270

Cited by 35 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…As anticipated, subjects generally perceived themselves as having higher ability on tasks for which they expended greater effort. This covariation of ability and effort ascriptions, although contrary to Heiderian logic, is consistent with theory (Anderson & Slusher, 1986;D. T. Miller & Ross, 1975;Tetlock & Levi, 1982) and research (Cervone & Peak, 1986) on causal attribution for events.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Dysphoria as a moderator of the relationship between perceived effort and perceived ability.

Shepperd¹,

Arkin²,

Strathman³

et al. 1994

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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Although Heiderian logic (F. Heider, 1958) proposes an inverse relationship between ability and effort, research has uncovered dramatic individual differences in the judged relationship between the two. Some view ability and effort as positively related; others view them as negatively related. Study 1 explored dysphoria as a moderator of this relationship by gathering dysphoric and nondysphoric individuals' perceptions of their effort and ability on daily activities. Although ability and effort generally were positively related, dysphorics reported lower ability on high effort tasks. In Study 2, Ss rated their effort as high or low. Dysphorics discounted ability when effort was high; nondysphorics reported the greatest ability when they expended the greatest effort. Collectively, there was no support for an inverse relationship between ability and effort. However, dysphorics infer less ability than nondysphorics following high effort.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Dysphoria as a moderator of the relationship between perceived effort and perceived ability.

Shepperd¹,

Arkin²,

Strathman³

et al. 1994

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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“…He concluded that such episodic stories evoke individualistic attributions of responsibility for the societallevel problems emphasized in the news frame. These findings are consistent with earlier investigations in social psychology that established attribution processes are susceptible to accessibility effects (e.g., Anderson and Slusher 1986;Pryor and Kriss 1977;Rholes and Pryor 1982;Smith and Miller 1979). For example, Rholes and Pryor (1982) provided data showing that recently activated causal agents are given more weight in making causal judgments.…”

Section: Issue Framing In Policy Debatessupporting

confidence: 90%

Gun Policy, Opinion, Tragedy, and Blame Attribution: The Conditional Influence of Issue Frames

Haider‐Markel

Joslyn

2001

The Journal of Politics

280

207

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Political events and policy discussion set parameters for debate and help to determine how an issue comes to be defined. Though existing research has examined the effects of alternative representations of political issues on public opinion, less attention has been given to highly salient issues, such as gun policy, and the potential effect of framing on causal attributions of blame for tragic events. This study expands the framing research to include opinion on policies concerning guns as well as the attributions of blame following the school shooting in Littleton, Colorado. We test several hypotheses using data from two field polls—one examining support for concealed handgun laws and the other examining blame attribution following the shootings at Columbine High School. We find that alternative gun frames influence opinion about concealed handgun laws as well as attributions of blame for Columbine. However, the effect is conditional, hinging on the nature of respondents' predisposition and existing knowledge. We consider these findings within the context of the policy‐making process.

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“…For instance, research on attributions for performance outcomes has demonstrated that different knowledge structures are used for interpersonal and noninterpersonal situations (e.g., Anderson, 1983Anderson, , 1985. Similarly, motivational manipulations appear to exert their impact on attributions not through ego-defensive processes but through their effects on people's selection and application of knowledge structures (e.g., Anderson & Slusher, 1986; see also Kunda, 1987Kunda, , 1990. Research on the effects of differing goals on the interpretation and memory of events can also be interpreted within this CKS framework (e.g., Bower, 1976;Hoffman, Mischel, & Mazze, 1981;Wyer, Srull, Gordon, & Hartwick, 1982).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Causal Explanations of Defection: A Knowledge Structure Approach

Sedikides

Anderson

1992

Pers Soc Psychol Bull

Self Cite

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Relocating Motivational Effects: A Synthesis of Cognitive and Motivational Effects on Attributions for Success and Failure

Cited by 35 publications

References 0 publications

Dysphoria as a moderator of the relationship between perceived effort and perceived ability.

Dysphoria as a moderator of the relationship between perceived effort and perceived ability.

Gun Policy, Opinion, Tragedy, and Blame Attribution: The Conditional Influence of Issue Frames

Causal Explanations of Defection: A Knowledge Structure Approach

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