REM and NREM power spectral analysis on two consecutive nights in psychophysiological and paradoxical insomnia sufferers

Subjective–objective sleep discrepancy among older adults: associations with insomnia diagnosis and insomnia treatment

“…Several authors have linked negative sleep discrepancy to heightened brain activity during PSG defined sleep (Perlis et al 2001) suggesting an underlying sleep disturbance may accurately be perceived by patients but require more refined objective measures to observe scientifically (St-Jean et al 2013). Changes in sleep discrepancy may shadow improved sleep due to treatment.…”

Are individuals with paradoxical insomnia more hyperaroused than individuals with psychophysiological insomnia? Event-related potentials measures at the peri-onset of sleep

“…While traditional analyses of objective sleep (PSG) do not corroborate the severe sleep difficulty complaints of Para-I, PSA studies reveal that these individuals appear to display a perturbed microstructure of sleep compared to Psy-I (Edinger and Krystal, 2003;Krystal et al, 2002;Perlis et al, 2001;St-Jean and Bastien, 2008). In that regard, Perlis et al (2001) have identified that during sleep, Para-I displayed greater Beta and Gamma International Journal of Psychophysiology 81 (2011) 177-190 activities (reflecting cortical arousal) than Psy-I.…”

REM sleep as a potential indicator of hyperarousal in psychophysiological and paradoxical insomnia sufferers

“…All participants were aged between 25 and 55. Note that data from a proportion of these participants have been previously published elsewhere, in the context of ERP studies (77%: Bastien et al, 2013;69%: Turcotte et al, 2011;27%: Turcotte and Bastien, 2009), PSA studies (59%: St-Jean et al, 2013;44%: St-Jean et al, 2012) and a napping study (43%: Pérusse et al, 2013). In the present study, to be included in the PSY-I group, participants had to meet the following criteria: a) a subjective complaint of insomnia characterized by difficulties initiating and/or maintaining sleep; b) insomnia must have been present at least three nights a week for more than six months; c) a complaint of at least one daytime consequence attributed to insomnia; d) distress or significant difficulties in social and/or occupational functioning, and e) a subjective sleep efficiency (SE) below 85% in their two week sleep diary prior to PSG recordings.…”