Remediation of Heavy Metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Co, and Ni) Ions from Kaolinite Clay Using Molecular Micelles Chelators and D-Optimum Experimental Design

Abstract

<p class="MsoNormal"> <span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">This study investigated the potential utility of poly (sodium </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">N</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-undecanoyl-L-leucyl-valinate) (poly-L-SULV), poly (sodium </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">N</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-undecanoyl-L-leucyl-alanate) (poly-L-SULA), and poly (sodium </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">N</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-undecanoyl-glycinate) (poly-SUG) molecular micelles (MMs) as chelators for heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Co, and Ni) ion remediation of kaolinite clay using D-optimum experimental design. D-optimum experimental design was employed to simultaneously investigate the influence of design variables such as the buffer pH, chelator concentration, and centrifuge speed to evaluate the optimum conditions and to reduce the time and cost of metal ion remediation. The partition coefficients of the metal ion concentrations between the kaolinite clay and chelator equilibrium were also evaluated. In addition, the influence of metal ion concentrations on the remediation capability of the chelators was evaluated by conducting remediation studies at four different (10 ppm, 40 ppm, 60 ppm, and 80 ppm) metal ion concentrations. In general, the results of the remediation efficiency and partition coefficients obtained in this study are highly metal ion dependent and also dependent upon the chelator used for the remediation. Specifically, the remediation efficiency of the molecular micelles was found to be comparable </span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;">to </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;">or better than the corresponding remediation efficiency obtained when SDS or EDTA was used for the remediation. However, at optimum conditions, poly-SULV and poly-L-SULA molecular micelle chelators demonstrated superior remediation efficiencies for Cr, with remediation efficiency of 99.9 ± 8.7% and 99.1 ± 0.7%, respectively</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span> </p

Cd-Resistant Strains of B. cereus S5 with Endurance Capacity and Their Capacities for Cadmium Removal from Cadmium-Polluted Water

“…To date, the treatment techniques for cadmium-polluted water mainly include physical, chemical and biological methods. Literature reports indicate that many non-living materials are also very effective as physical adsorbents for cadmium, such as industrial and agricultural by-products and other materials [ 8 – 16 ]. However, the large-scale application of cadmium-polluted water treatment techniques has yet to be realized because the use of non-living materials also produces large quantities of sludge, the treatment of which is difficult.…”

Relationship between crystal structure and thermo-mechanical properties of kaolinite clay: beyond standard density functional theory

“…Kaolinite, dickite, nacrite and halloysite are the four polytypes in the kaolin group, with a chemical composition of Al 2 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4 . Kaolinite, dickite, nacrite and halloysite are the four polytypes in the kaolin group, with a chemical composition of Al 2 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4 .…”

“…Kaolinite, dickite, nacrite and halloysite are the four polytypes in the kaolin group, with a chemical composition of Al 2 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4 . [3][4][5] They are also extensively used in numerous product applications ranging from pharmaceuticals, ceramics, cosmetics, rubber, paint extenders, filler in nanocomposites, printer inks, to paper coating. [1][2][3] Owing to their large surface area and their ability to adsorb both cationic and anionic pollutant species, kaolin-group minerals can serve as efficient migration barriers at nuclear waste repositories, or as soil amendments for heavy-metals remediation, or as interfaciallyactive vehicles for delivering oil spill treating agents.…”

“…These minerals, formed as a result of weathering or hydrothermal alteration of micas and feldspars, are significant resources of the Earth's permeable near-surface layer and have therefore played a prominent role in Earth and human history. 1,6,7 As outlined by Pauling in 1930, minerals in the kaolin group consist of repeating Al 2 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4 layers, each made of covalently bonded 1 : 1 sheets of silica tetrahedra (siloxane sheet) and alumina octahedra (gibbsite-like sheet). [3][4][5] They are also extensively used in numerous product applications ranging from pharmaceuticals, ceramics, cosmetics, rubber, paint extenders, filler in nanocomposites, printer inks, to paper coating.…”

“…In this work, the structural, mechanical and thermodynamic properties of kaolinite clay, with ideal Al 2 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4 stoichiometry, have been investigated using first-principles methods. In particular, computational approaches going beyond the standard density functional theory framework are utilized here and include corrections for possible van der Waals dispersion interactions.…”