Remediation of Soil Contaminated with Pyrene Using Ground Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron

Abstract

The sites contaminated with recalcitrant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are serious environmental problems ubiquitously. Some PAHs have proven to be carcinogenic and hazardous. Therefore, the innovative PAH in situ remediation technologies have to be developed instantaneously. Recently, the nanoscale zero-valent iron (ZVI) particles have been successfully applied for dechlorination of organic pollutants in water, yet little research has investigated for the soil remediation so far. The objective in this work was to take advantage of nanoscale ZVI particles to remove PAHs in soil. The experimental factors such as reaction time, particle diameter and iron dosage and surface area were considered and optimized. From the results, both microscale and nanoscale ZVI were capable to remove the target compound. The higher removal efficiencies of nanoscale ZVI particles were obtained because the specific surface areas were about several dozens larger than that of commercially microscale ZVI particles. The optimal parameters were observed as 0.2 g iron/2 mL water in 60 min and 150 rpm by nanoscale ZVI. Additionally, the results proved that nanoscale ZVI particles are a promising technology for soil remediation and are encouraged in the near future environmental applications. Additionally, the empirical equation developed for pyrene removal efficiency provided the good explanation of reaction behavior. Ultimately, the calculated values by this equation were in a good agreement with the experimental data.

Anaerobic Degradation of Phenanthrene and Pyrene in Mangrove Sediment

“…The addition of zero-valent iron enhanced the anaerobic degradation of PAH. Zero-valent iron can serve as the electron donor and was capable of efficiently removing PAH (Chang et al 2007b). Liu et al (2000) found PAH, DEHP, nonylphenol, and heavy metals in samples collected from various Taiwanese rivers and we therefore studied the effects of these pollutants on the anaerobic degradation of PAH in mangrove sediment.…”

Bioremediation of Mangroves Impacted by Petroleum

“…Anaerobic degradation of PAHs is also inhibited by the addition of molybdate (a selective inhibitor of sulfate-reducing bacteria), BESA (a selective inhibitor of methanogen) and vancomycin (a selective inhibitor of eubacteria) (Lovely and Philips 1988;Distefano et al 1992), indicating that sulfate-reducing and methanogenic bacteria are involved in the degradation of PAHs. The addition of cellulose and iron increased the anaerobic degradation of PAHs by aerobic respiration stimulation and by acting as an electron donor, respectively (Quantin et al 2005;Chang et al 2007). These results also show that the rates of anaerobic phenanthrene degradation were greater than the rates of pyrene degradation (Chang et al 2008).…”

Dechlorination of 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl in aqueous solution by hybrid Fe0/Fe3O4nanoparticle system

“…The half-life of degradation (DT 50 ) was calculated from Equation (5). [30,32] All experimental data were compared by analysis of variances (ANOVA) and processed using the statistical software SPSS 11.5 of treatments and control samples. Figure 1.…”

“…The initial pH and PCB77 concentration were 6.8 and 5 mg¢L ¡1 , respectively. Then 10 mL of PCB77 solution was sampled at different time points (10,30,60,90,120 and 240 min). The solution was shaken with 10 mL of hexane for 10 min, and this procedure was repeated.…”