Remediation of Trichloroethylene in an Artificial Aquifer with Trees:  A Controlled Field Study.

Newman, L.; Wang, Xiaoping; Muiznieks, Indulis; Ekuan, Gordon; Ruszaj, Martin; Cortellucci, Remi; Domroes, David; Karscig, George; Newman, Tim; Crampton, Robert; Hashmonay, Ram A.; Yost, Michael G.; Heilman, Paul E.; Duffy, James; Gordon, Milton P.; Strand, Stuart E.

doi:10.1021/es9920213

Cited by 20 publications

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“…Trichloroethanol and its glucoside do not persist in plant tissue once plants are removed from TCE contaminated water, indicating further metabolism, following the pathway shown in Figure 1. We have found these products of TCE metabolism (trichloroethanol and its glucoside and di-and trichloroacetic acid) in all plants examined, i.e., poplar, (Newman et al 1997;Newman et al 1999) tobacco, (Doty et al 2000) Leuceana leucocephala, (Doty et al 2003) and Atropa belledonna. (Banerjee et al 2002) They seem to be universal intermediates of plant metabolism of TCE.…”

Section: Research Progress and Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…We have identified chloral, trichloroethanol, trichloroacetic acid, and dichloroacetic acid as products of TCE metabolism in poplar plants and in tissue cultures of poplar cells. (Newman et al 1997;Newman et al 1999) Use of radioactively labeled TCE showed that once taken up and transformed, most of the TCE was incorporated into plant tissue as a non-volatile, unextractable residue. (Shang et al 2001;Shang and Gordon 2002) An assay for this transformation was developed and validated using TCE transformation by poplar suspension cells.…”

Section: Research Progress and Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Shang et al 2001) We had previously shown that TCE metabolites in plants are similar to ones that result from cytochrome P450-mediated oxidation in mammals: trichloroethanol, trichloroacetate and dichloroacetate. (Newman et al 1997;Newman et al 1999) We have shown that one of these metabolites, trichloroethanol, is further glycosylated in several plant species. The glycoside was detected in all tissues (roots, stems, and leaves) in comparable levels, and is at least 10 fold more abundant than free trichloroethanol.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Degradation in Plants: Mechanisms and Enhancement of Phytoremediation of Groundwater Contamination

Strand¹

2004

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1.Research Objectives Our research objectives are as follows:• Transform poplar and other tree species to extend and optimize chlorinated hydrocarbon (CHC) oxidative activities.• Determine the mechanisms of CHC oxidation in plants.• Isolate the genes responsible for CHC oxidation in plants. Research Progress and ImplicationsWe have made significant progress toward an understanding of the biochemical mechanism of CHC transformation native to wild-type poplar. We have identified chloral, trichloroethanol, trichloroacetic acid, and dichloroacetic acid as products of TCE metabolism in poplar plants and in tissue cultures of poplar cells. (Newman et al. 1997;Newman et al. 1999) Use of radioactively labeled TCE showed that once taken up and transformed, most of the TCE was incorporated into plant tissue as a non-volatile, unextractable residue. (Shang et al. 2001;Shang and Gordon 2002) An assay for this transformation was developed and validated using TCE transformation by poplar suspension cells. Using this assay, it was shown that two different activities contribute to the fixation of TCE by poplar cells: one associated with cell walls and insoluble residues, the other associated with a high molecular weight, heat labile fraction of the cell extract, a fixation that was apparently catalyzed by plant enzymes.The nature of the unextractable TCE metabolite was investigated. (Shang et al. 2001) We had previously shown that TCE metabolites in plants are similar to ones that result from cytochrome P450-mediated oxidation in mammals: trichloroethanol, trichloroacetate and dichloroacetate. (Newman et al. 1997;Newman et al. 1999) We have shown that one of these metabolites, trichloroethanol, is further glycosylated in several plant species. The glycoside was detected in all tissues (roots, stems, and leaves) in comparable levels, and is at least 10 fold more abundant than free trichloroethanol. The glycoside in tobacco was identified as the β-Dglucoside of trichloroethanol by comparison of the mass spectra and chromatographic retention time of its acetylation product to that of the synthesized standard. Trichloroethanol and its glucoside do not persist in plant tissue once plants are removed from TCE contaminated water, indicating further metabolism, following the pathway shown in Figure 1. We have found these products of TCE metabolism (trichloroethanol and its glucoside and di-and trichloroacetic acid) in all plants examined, i.e., poplar, (Newman et al. 1997;Newman et al. 1999) tobacco,(Doty et al. 2000 Leuceana leucocephala, (Doty et al. 2003) and Atropa belledonna. (Banerjee et al. 2002) They seem to be universal intermediates of plant metabolism of TCE. We have also identified the intermediates of plant metabolism of carbon tetrachloride (CT). (Wang et al. 2002) Using cell cultures of poplar CT is transformed to chloroform and to CO 2 , which are also products of CT transformation by CYP2E1 in mammals. These activities are inhibited by specific inhibitors of cytochrome P450s as developed in the study of mammalian

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Section: Research Progress and Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Research Progress and Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Degradation in Plants: Mechanisms and Enhancement of Phytoremediation of Groundwater Contamination

Strand¹

2004

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“…A amostragem do tronco das árvores tem sido usada para detectar e mapear a contaminação do subsolo (VROBLESKY e YANOSKY, 1990;VROBLESKY et al, 1999;YANOSKY e VROBLESKY., 1992, 1995YANOSKY et al, 2001) por compostos orgânicos voláteis (VROBLESKY, 2008;HOLM et al, 2011) em diferentes locais (GORDON et al, 1998;VROBLESKY et al, 1999;NARAYANAN et al, 1999;NEWMAN et al, 1999;MA e BURKEN 2002;MA e BURKEN 2003;STRUCKHOFF et al, 2005;GOPALAKRISHNAN et al, 2007;SOREK et al, 2008;LARSEN et al, 2008;BURKEN et al, 2009;BURKEN et al, 2011) Compostos VOC como benzeno, tolueno, etilbenzeno, isômeros de xileno, trimetilbenzeno, MTBE, 1,1,2,2-tetracloroetano, tricloroetileno (TCE), tetracloroeteno (PCE), 1,1,1-tricloroetano (TCA), cloreto de vinila (VC) e cis-1,2-dicloroeteno (cDCE) são absorvidos pelas raízes das plantas e, assim, encontrados nos troncos de árvores (BURKEN, 2001;BURKEN e SCHNOOR, 1998;HIRSH et al, 2003;LANDMEYER et al, 2000;NEWMAN et al, 1997;NIETCH et al, 1999;TRAPP et al, 2007;VROBLESKY et al, , 2006. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a aplicabilidade e a eficácia do método phytoscreening na investigação e determinação de plumas de contaminação por hidrocarbonetos clorados, em ambiente tropical.…”

Section: The Application Of the Phytoscreening Methods For Determinatiunclassified

Aplicação do método phytoscreening para determinação de hidrocarbonetos clorados em área tropical - Brasil – SP

et al. 2017

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Resumo: Neste trabalho foram averiguadas a aplicabilidade e a eficácia do método phytoscreening na investigação e determinação de plumas de contaminação em uma área impactada por hidrocarbonetos clorados em ambiente tropical. Foram analisadas amostras de 106 árvores presentes em uma área contaminada localizada no município de Porto Feliz, SP, Brasil. Em laboratório, os troncos de árvore (tree cores) foram analisados utilizando-se um cromatógrafo gasoso acoplado a um espectrômetro de massas e amostrador headspace (HS-GC-MS). A partir desses dados foram confeccionados mapas da pluma de contaminação e da distribuição espacial dos diferentes contaminantes orgânicos encontrados -clorofórmio, trans-1,2-dicloroeteno; cis-1,2-dicloroeteno; tetracloreto de carbono; 1,2-dicloroetano; tricloroeteno; tetracloroeteno; 1,1,2-tricloroetano e 1,1,2,2-tetracloroetano. A aplicação de phytoscreening demonstrou ser um método rápido e de baixo custo para a detecção de áreas contaminadas por organoclorados em ambiente tropical; os resultados evidenciam sua aplicabilidade e eficácia na investigação preliminar de áreas impactadas por esse tipo de contaminante. Palavras-Chave: Phytoscreening. VOCs. Compostos clorados. Áreas contaminadas.Abstract: In this work we investigated the applicability and effectiveness of phytoscreening method in research and determination of contamination plumes in a impacted area by chlorinated hydrocarbons in a tropical environment. Samples of 106 trees were analyzed in a contaminated area in the municipality of Porto Feliz, SP, Brazil. In the laboratory, the tree cores were analyzed using a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer and headspace sampler (HS-GC-MS). From these data were produced maps of the contamination plume and found spatial distribution of different organic contaminants -chloroform, trans-1,2-dichloroethene; cis-1,2-dichloroethene; carbon tetrachloride; 1,2-dichloroethane; trichloroethene; tetrachloroethene; 1,1,2-trichloroethane and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane.The application of phytoscreening proved to be a fast and cost-effective for the detection of areas contaminated by organochlorines in tropical environment. The results show its applicability and effectiveness in primary research areas impacted by this type of contaminant.

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“…One of the first groups to look at MTBE interactions with plants was at the University of Washington (Newman et al, 1999). Their work involved three phases: using cell cultures to determine if plant cells could take up and metabolize MTBE, using whole plants to determine the uptake rates, and finally to examine plants growing in the field with their roots penetrating an existing MTBE plume.…”

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoremediation of MTBE—A Review of the State of the Technology

Newman

Arnold²

2003

MTBE Remediation Handbook

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California State Water Resources Control BoardPhytoremediation is the use of plants to clean up environmental problems. While some have termed this technology a niche strategy, there are almost as many uses of phytoremediation as there are sites and problems. No plant will be able to survive in pure phase contamination, but in areas with low to moderate levels of contaminants, plants can perform a variety of functions. They can enhance the metabolism of microorganisms in the soil and thus the degradation of contaminants by the soil bacteria and fungi. Plants can be used in alternating methods to either immobilize soil metals, or to transport those metals out of the soil and into the aboveground portions of the plants for harvest and removal of the metals from the site. Plants have been used in aquatic situations, in wetlands, and in mountainous regions. But perhaps the most promising use of plants is in the control of ground water pollutants. Plants can be used to minimize the recharge of soil-based contaminants into the ground water, exert hydraulic control of a contaminant plume, or take up impacted water from the aquifer and degrade the contaminant within the plant tissues.Much work has been done with ground water-based contaminants, including industrial solvents like TCE (Newman et ai., 1999), pesticides such as atrazine (Burken and Schnoor, 1997), or energetics such as trinitrotoluene (TNT) and cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) (Thompson et ai., 1998).Early studies with soluble compounds often focused on the ability of a plant to take up the contaminant. There has been much said about the Briggs coefficient (Briggs et ai., 1982), where it was stated that a plant could only take up a compound with a mid-range octanol-water partition coefficient (Kow), and that compounds that were strongly hydrophobic or hydrophilic would not be

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Remediation of Trichloroethylene in an Artificial Aquifer with Trees: A Controlled Field Study.

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Degradation in Plants: Mechanisms and Enhancement of Phytoremediation of Groundwater Contamination

Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Degradation in Plants: Mechanisms and Enhancement of Phytoremediation of Groundwater Contamination

Aplicação do método phytoscreening para determinação de hidrocarbonetos clorados em área tropical - Brasil – SP

Phytoremediation of MTBE—A Review of the State of the Technology

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