Remembering Words Never Presented: False Memory Effects in Dementia of the Alzheimer Type

Waldie, Barbara D.; See, Sheree T. Kwong

doi:10.1076/anec.10.4.281.28969

Cited by 23 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In addition to studying the changes in false recognition associated with healthy aging, a large number of recent studies of false recognition have compared the performances of patients with mild AD to healthy older adults (e.g., Balota et al, 1999;Bartlett, Halpern, & Dowling, 1995;Budson, Daffner, Desikan, & Schacter, 2000;Pierce, Sullivan, Schacter, & Budson, 2005;Sommers & Huff, 2003;Waldie & Kwong See, 2003). Particular emphasis has been placed on evaluating the false recognition of pictorial stimuli by AD patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual fluency at test shifts recognition response bias in Alzheimer's disease: Implications for increased false recognition

et al. 2007

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The presence or absence of conceptual information in pictorial stimuli may explain the mixed findings of previous studies of false recognition in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD). To test this hypothesis, 48 patients with AD were compared to 48 healthy older adults on a recognition task first described by Koutstaal et al. [Koutstaal, W., Reddy, C., Jackson, E. M., Prince, S., Cendan, D. L., & Schacter D. L. (2003). False recognition of abstract versus common objects in older and younger adults: Testing the semantic categorization account. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 29, 499-510]. Participants studied and were tested on their memory for categorized ambiguous pictures of common objects. The presence of conceptual information at study and/or test was manipulated by providing or withholding disambiguating semantic labels. Analyses focused on testing two competing theories. The semantic encoding hypothesis, which posits that the inter-item perceptual details are not encoded by AD patients when conceptual information is present in the stimuli, was not supported by the findings. In contrast, the conceptual fluency hypothesis was supported. Enhanced conceptual fluency at test dramatically shifted AD patients to a more liberal response bias, raising their false recognition. These results suggest that patients with AD rely on the fluency of test items in making recognition memory decisions. We speculate that AD patients' over reliance upon fluency may be attributable to (1) dysfunction of the hippocampus, disrupting recollection, and/or (2) dysfunction of prefrontal cortex, disrupting post-retrieval processes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual fluency at test shifts recognition response bias in Alzheimer's disease: Implications for increased false recognition

et al. 2007

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“…Some studies have shown that Alzheimer's patients recall more CLs thus producing more false memories than healthy older adults (Watson, Balota, & Sergent-Marshall, 2001), an observation that is consistent with the description of profiles of these patients in the context of the clinical memory examination (Canolle et al, 2008). However, several other studies have found contrasting results, showing that Alzheimer's patients produce or recognize fewer or as many CLs as older healthy participants (Balota et al, 1999;Budson et al, 2002;Gallo et al, 2006;Waldie & Kwong See, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…The lower or equivalent production of CLs observed in AD patients with the DRM paradigm (Balota et al, 1999;Waldie & Kwong See, 2003) is surprising. Different hypotheses, such as the non-activation of CLs due to difficulties in accessing the general theme of the lists (Budson et al, 2000;Gallo et al, 2006) in reference to the Fuzzy Trace Theory (Brainerd & Reyna, 2002;Reyna & Brainerd, 2011) or the abnormally rapid disappearance of the activated memory trace of CLs (e.g., Evrard et al, 2016) due to an episodic memory failure, have been proposed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The present study provides evidence that the magnitude of the DRM illusion in AD patients (Balota et al, 1999;Budson et al, 2002;Gallo et al, 2006;Waldie & Kwong See, 2003) may depend on the order of presentation of the words in the DRM lists.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Third, with regard to false memories, older adults should produce more CLs than younger adults (Dennis et al, 2007;LaVoie & Faulkner, 2000). Finally, we expected Alzheimer's patients (1) to produce fewer CLs in the descending FAS order of item presentation than in the ascending FAS one and (2) to produce more CLs than older adults in the ascending FAS condition but as many CLs as older adults in the descending FAS one (Balota et al, 1999;Gallo, 2006;Waldie & Kwong See, 2003). .…”

Section: Psychological Researchmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Now you make false memories; now you do not: the order of presentation of words in DRM lists influences the production of the critical lure in Alzheimer’s disease

Evrard

Gilet

Colombel

et al. 2016

Psychological Research

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Why do some Alzheimer's patients produce fewer false memories than healthy older participants in the Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm, which was especially designed for the study of false memories in a laboratory setting? Using a very simple methodology, this study examines a new explanatory factor inherent in the paradigm itself: the order of presentation of the words in the lists. A sample comprising 149 participants (36 younger, 40 middle-aged, 37 healthy older adults, and 36 Alzheimer's patients) performed a DRM task with either a classic descending forward associative strength (FAS) presentation order of the words or an ascending FAS presentation order. The results showed that this simple manipulation influenced the production of false memories in Alzheimer's patients only. Contrary to the other participants, Alzheimer's patients produced significantly more critical lures in the ascending FAS condition than in the descending FAS condition. These new data, interpreted in the light of serial position effects, invite a reconsideration of the relevance of the DRM paradigm for comparing the production of false memories in Alzheimer's patients and healthy older participants.

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Current awareness in geriatric psychiatry

2004

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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In order to keep subscribers up‐to‐date with the latest developments in their field, John Wiley & Sons are providing a current awareness service in each issue of the journal. The bibliography contains newly published material in the field of geriatric psychiatry. Each bibliography is divided into 9 sections: 1 Books, Reviews & Symposia; 2 General; 3 Assessment; 4 Epidemiology; 5 Therapy; 6 Care; 7 Dementia; 8 Depression; 9 Psychology. Within each section, articles are listed in alphabetical order with respect to author. If, in the preceding period, no publications are located relevant to any one of these headings, that section will be omitted

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Remembering Words Never Presented: False Memory Effects in Dementia of the Alzheimer Type

Cited by 23 publications

References 36 publications

Conceptual fluency at test shifts recognition response bias in Alzheimer's disease: Implications for increased false recognition

Conceptual fluency at test shifts recognition response bias in Alzheimer's disease: Implications for increased false recognition

Now you make false memories; now you do not: the order of presentation of words in DRM lists influences the production of the critical lure in Alzheimer’s disease

Current awareness in geriatric psychiatry

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