Remineralization potential of P11‐4 and fluoride on secondary carious primary enamel: A quantitative evaluation using microcomputed tomography

Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the ability of self‐assembling peptide (P11‐4) diffusion, assembly, and remineralization to effect artificial secondary caries‐like lesions in human primary teeth in vitro. Enamel‐dentin blocks obtained from extracted human primary molars were embedded into epoxy resin blocks. Cavities (approximately 1 × 1 × 2 mm) were prepared on the surface using a high‐speed diamond bur under constant water cooling and filled with composite restorative material (Filtek Z250; 3 M ESPE). The samples were immersed in demineralizing solution (20 ml) for 96 h to produce secondary caries lesions and divided into two groups according to the testing materials: fluoride varnish (Duraphat; Colgate, UK) and P11‐4 (Curodont Repair; Credentis, Switzerland). Except for the control areas, all samples were remineralized for 3–5 min using the remineralizing agents, and then all the sections were placed in a pH‐cycling system for 5 days at 35°C. The pH cycling procedure was followed by micro‐CT analysis for the qualitative evaluation of surface changes. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare two independent groups. In the comparison of more than two dependent groups, Bonferroni smoothed pairwise analyses were used to determine the source of the Kruskal–Wallis H test difference. The results of the study revealed that the remineralization depths of the peptide group were higher than those of the fluoride group (p < .01). There was a statistically significant difference in remineralization effects between the fluoride and peptide groups. P11‐4 can be considered as an effective remineralizing agent for secondary caries lesions.

The Effect of Different Remineralizing Agents on Microleakage around Restored Demineralized Enamel: An In vitro Comparative Study

“…Artificial enamel lesion was created in the exposed window of the enamel surface. Each sample was immersed separately in 20 mL of an unstirred demineralizing for 96 hours at 37°C in an incubator and pH 4.4 that was checked daily using pH meter (Adwa, AD110, Hungary) 22 .…”

Effectiveness of Self-Assembling Peptide (P11-4) in Dental Hard Tissue Conditions: A Comprehensive Review

“…In vitro studies on P11-4 peptide were assessed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) with microindentation [72], DIAGNOdent, micro-CT [37,43,73], infrared (IR) spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD) [74]. AFM based nanoindentation is a valuable tool to investigate the demineralisation and remineralisation of surface softened enamel with high accuracy [72].…”

Developing Bioactive Hydrogels with Peptides for Dental Application

“…The non-intrusive, biomimetic early dental caries therapy is a promising and achievable goal, due to the recent advances in enamel remineralisation. Remineralisation systems can help regenerate the enamel microstructure, which can prevent the progression of decay and fully restore the strength and function of the tooth structures [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 9 , 10 ].…”

“…Current remineralisation systems are either based on the enamel amelogenin-like proteins (e.g., leucine-rich amelogenin peptides, amelogenin derivatives), dentine phosphoprotein (DPP), or on synthetic peptides that are similar to salivary proteins (e.g., P11-4) [ 1 , 10 ].…”