Remnants from fast liquid withdrawal

Vincent, Lionel; Duchemin, Laurent; Villermaux, Emmanuel

doi:10.1063/1.4867496

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The radial velocity is then inserted into the expression for s(t) to get t theory p = π ffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi R=A p . This pinch-off scaling has also been confirmed previously (28); however, their experiments were in the stretching regime where surface tension dominates. From Fig.…”

supporting

confidence: 70%

Dogs lap using acceleration-driven open pumping

Gart

Socha

Vlachos

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Dogs lap because they have incomplete cheeks and cannot suck. When lapping, a dog's tongue pulls a liquid column from the bath, suggesting that the hydrodynamics of column formation are critical to understanding how dogs drink. We measured lapping in 19 dogs and used the results to generate a physical model of the tongue's interaction with the air-fluid interface. These experiments help to explain how dogs exploit the fluid dynamics of the generated column. The results demonstrate that effects of acceleration govern lapping frequency, which suggests that dogs curl the tongue to create a larger liquid column. Comparing lapping in dogs and cats reveals that, despite similar morphology, these carnivores lap in different physical regimes: an unsteady inertial regime for dogs and steady inertial regime for cats.A nimals that interact with an air-fluid interface have evolved highly specialized behaviors to deal with the physical challenge of crossing fluidic regimes. Archerfish adjust for index of refraction when shooting water jets through the interface to catch prey (1, 2), some marine copepods leap into the air to avoid predation (3-6), and lizards and frogs run or skip across the water surface to escape predators (7-9). However, almost all terrestrial animals interact regularly with the air-water interface when they drink or feed (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22). These animals use a wide array of mechanisms to breach the interface and transport fluid into their bodies, including viscous dipping, capillary suction, viscous suction, licking, and lapping (17). For mammalian carnivores, their mechanisms for drinking are constrained by the anatomy of the oral apparatus: with incomplete cheeks, they cannot form a seal to suck fluids into the mouth, and instead use the tongue to lap up fluids (17,(19)(20)(21)(22). Lapping is a behavior that is familiar to most pet owners worldwide, but its physical mechanism is only understood in felines (21), and the underlying physics of drinking by dogs remains unexplained.When a dog laps, the tongue first extends, and is curled backward (ventrally) into a "ladle" shape. The curled tongue impacts the liquid surface, inducing a splash. The tongue then retracts into the mouth, and the cycle is completed when the jaws snap shut. During tongue retraction, fluid adheres to the dorsal side of the tongue and is pulled upward toward the mouth, forming a water column that extends from the bath (21, 22). Informal observations from previous studies (17, 21) have suggested that dogs scoop water with the ventral side of the tongue in the ladle, but recent X-ray imaging has shown that most of the scooped liquid falls off the tongue, and only liquid that sticks to the dorsal side of the tongue is transported to the throat (22). Based on the lack of the use of the curled tongue as a ladle, and general anatomical similarity, Crompton and Musinsky (22) concluded that dogs and cats share the same basic mechanism of drinking. However, the kinematics and the hydrodynamics of lapping by...

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supporting

confidence: 70%

Dogs lap using acceleration-driven open pumping

Gart

Socha

Vlachos

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…In the limiting case of zero viscosity the first term in the right hand side of (8), which includes the characteristic viscous time T, disappears, leading to the dependence of the breakup time on acceleration in the form t t R a ( ) br static 0 1 2 = ∼ , the same as recently obtained in [18]. The time t static is defined only by the initial bridge geometry.…”

supporting

confidence: 53%

“…In a recent study of an extremely fast liquid bridge stretching of low viscosity liquid bridges [18] the break-up length is determined only by the initial bridge geometry. The question still remains on how viscous liquid bridges behave at such conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pinch-off of a stretching viscous filament and drop transport

2015

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This study is focused on the stretching and breakup of a Newtonian liquid bridge between two parallel plates, one of which moves with a constant acceleration. The experimental device is designed to achieve high acceleration (up to 200 m s −2 ) with high precision. The shape evolution of the liquid bridge and its pinch-off are captured using a high-speed video system. At high enough acceleration the evolution of the midpoint diameter of the bridge is universal; it depends neither on the acceleration nor on the liquid viscosity. Moreover, at high acceleration rates even the breakup time does not depend on the acceleration, but is determined solely by the liquid viscosity. A model is proposed which predicts the instant of the liquid bridge pinch-off. Finally, the volumes of the residual liquid on both fixed and moving plates (which do not include the total volume of the residual secondary drops) is measured. It is shown that the volume on the fixed plate remains almost constant, the volume on the accelerating plate reduces as the acceleration increases.

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“…Detaching fast may therefore be a strategy to minimize the amount of precious liquid left as footprints on the substrate. The break-up of a liquid bridge between two parallel plates separated from each other has received significant attention, even recently [42][43][44]. The distribution of residual liquid between both plates is influenced by the contact angle of each when the capillary number, Ca ¼ mV g , ð4:1Þ…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-scale tarsal adhesion kinematics of freely-walking dock beetles

Gernay

Labousse

Lambert

et al. 2017

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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In this experimental study, living dock beetles are observed during their free upside-down walk on a smooth horizontal substrate. Their weight is balanced by the adhesion of hairy structures present on their tarsomeres. The motions involved in the attachment and detachment of these structures were characterized by simultaneously imaging the beetle from the side at the body scale, and from the top at the scale of a single tarsal chain. The observed multi-scale three-dimensional kinematics of the tarsi is qualitatively described, then quantified by image processing and physically modelled. A strong asymmetry is systematically observed between attachment and detachment kinematics, in terms of both timing and directionality.

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Remnants from fast liquid withdrawal

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

Dogs lap using acceleration-driven open pumping

Dogs lap using acceleration-driven open pumping

Pinch-off of a stretching viscous filament and drop transport

Multi-scale tarsal adhesion kinematics of freely-walking dock beetles

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