Remorse, Confession, Group Identity, and Expectancies About Repeating a Transgression

Gold, Gregg J.; Weiner, Bernard

doi:10.1207/15324830051035992

Cited by 77 publications

(133 citation statements)

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“…Unlike direct and indirect forgiveness, however, conditional forgiveness was also predicted by blameworthiness. The finding that conditional forgiveness often follows high‐blame offenses makes good sense given that when blame is high, offenses are often internally attributed to the offender, leading offended individuals to perceive an elevated risk for offense recurrence (Gold & Weiner, 2000); conditional forgiveness can be used to warn against this possibility (Waldron & Kelley, 2005). Unexpected, however, was the finding that sincere acknowledgment positively predicted conditional forgiveness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conditional forgiveness, however, goes one step further in that it identifies terms offenders must agree to prior to forgiveness. An increased probability of conditional forgiveness following high‐blame offenses makes sense given that when offenses are attributed to offenders' disposition, offended individuals often perceive an increased chance that offenders will repeat the transgression (Gold & Weiner, 2000). Conditional forgiveness, then, can be used to ward off repeat offenses (Waldron & Kelley, 2005).…”

Section: The Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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In the wake of transgressions: Examining forgiveness communication in personal relationships

Merolla

Zhang

2010

Personal Relationships

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This study evaluated several structural equation models testing the relations between forgiveness communication styles, offense and offender variables, and relational characteristics. Results suggest partners' style of forgiveness (i.e., direct, indirect, and conditional) is shaped by offense and offender variables. Specifically, offender remorse positively predicted both direct and conditional forgiveness, offense severity negatively predicted indirect forgiveness, and blameworthiness positively predicted conditional forgiveness. Results also demonstrated that whereas direct forgiving following transgressions improved relationships (i.e., decreased relational damage and increased satisfaction), conditional forgiving detracted from relationships (i.e., increased relational damage). Indirect forgiveness, in contrast to the other styles, was unrelated to relational damage. These and other findings are discussed in light of research/theorizing on interpersonal forgiveness, relational maintenance, facework, and communication accommodation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

In the wake of transgressions: Examining forgiveness communication in personal relationships

Merolla

Zhang

2010

Personal Relationships

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“…Finally, in a confession postcrisis communication strategy, the company admits committing a negative act, accepts full responsibility, includes an apology, and asks for forgiveness. There is a fair amount of experimental and observational research (e.g., Gold & Weiner, 2000;Weiner, Graham, Peter, & Zmuidinas, 1991) showing that confessions are effective in reducing negative perceptions, undesirable emotional reactions, and retaliatory behaviors, although they increase sympathy, forgiveness, and restore interpersonal relationships to their prior level of trust. 2 Based on this theoretical evidence, we show the success that matching the crisis type to the postcrisis communication strategy has in limiting the damage to the company.…”

Section: Emotional Reactions To Responsibility Judgments and The Effementioning

confidence: 99%

Company Post-Crisis Communication Strategies and the Psychological Mechanism Underlying Consumer Reactions

Grappi

Romani

2015

Journal of Public Relations Research

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A theoretical framework is developed to explain the mechanisms that underlie the effectiveness of matching postcrisis communication strategies to the crisis types on relevant consumer reactions. Two studies are conducted regarding an actual crisis case: the Costa Concordia shipwreck on 2012. Study 1 provides evidence of more favorable consumer reactions to a company when confession strategy and preventable crisis are matched. The results verify that consumers' emotions of anger and sympathy play a mediating role. Study 2 demonstrates corporate reputation's moderating role on the link between postcrisis communication strategy and sympathy and, through it, on consumers' attitudinal and behavioral responses.

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“…It is interesting to note that incurring a cost is only one way of enhancing the credibility of reparative acts. For example, perpetrators' expressions of guilt, remorse, and interpersonal regret also facilitate the victim's forgiveness (Davis & Gold, 2011;Gold & Weiner, 2000). The credibility of emotional expressions may be mediated by their uncontrollability (i.e., the involvement of involuntary muscles).…”

Section: Limitations Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship value promotes costly apology-making: testing the valuable relationships hypothesis from the perpetrator's perspective

Ohtsubo

Yagi

2015

Evolution and Human Behavior

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The valuable relationships hypothesis posits that people are inclined to reconcile with their valuable-relationship partners. Focusing on a particular type of credible conciliatory signal (i.e., costly apology), the present study tested this hypothesis from the perpetrator's perspective. In studies 1 and 2, after imagining that they had committed an interpersonal transgression against one of their real friends, participants (N = 529 and 311 in studies 1 and 2, respectively) rated their willingness to incur a cost in order to apologize to the victim. Apology cost was operationalized as "canceling plans to make an apology as soon as possible" in study 1, and as "offering compensation" in study 2. The results showed that the instrumentality of the partner to achieving the participants' goals would increase their willingness to make a costly apology, after controlling for the participants' sex, version of the transgression scenario, closeness to the victim, and expected forgiveness of the victim. To ensure the external validity of this finding, studies 3 and 4 asked participants to recall one of their interpersonal transgression experiences, and to report whether they had offered compensation for it (N = 190 and 224 in studies 3 and 4, respectively). Study 3 confirmed the hypothesis, while study 4 did not directly support it. However, study 4 did show that participants were more willing to reconcile with their valuable partners. Taken together, these results indicate that the valuable relationships hypothesis applies not only to victims, but also to their perpetrators as well.

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Remorse, Confession, Group Identity, and Expectancies About Repeating a Transgression

Cited by 77 publications

References 0 publications

In the wake of transgressions: Examining forgiveness communication in personal relationships

In the wake of transgressions: Examining forgiveness communication in personal relationships

Company Post-Crisis Communication Strategies and the Psychological Mechanism Underlying Consumer Reactions

Relationship value promotes costly apology-making: testing the valuable relationships hypothesis from the perpetrator's perspective

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