Remote ID and Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communications for Unmanned Aircraft System Traffic Management

UAS Traffic Management Communications: The Legacy of ADS-B, New Establishment of Remote ID, or Leverage of ADS-B-Like Systems?

“…The security personnel can receive a direct signal from the UAVs via their device for security monitoring. Moreover, the UAV information can also be received by other stakeholders such as the public in nearby locations [13]. The last system is called ADS-B-like communication.…”

“…When a security officer observes a UAV flying overhead, as shown in Figure 6, they can observe the Remote ID signal and verify it via REST API protocol to the UTM system. The detailed information that can be obtained is [19] Moreover, Remote ID could also function as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, which broadcasts information containing vehicle information, position (latitude, longitude, and altitude), time, distress status, sent count, and source [13]. The complete required and optional data fields for Remote ID are given in the document published by ASTM.…”

“…The third, DSRC radios, can be used as V2V communication devices in a Remote ID system with a frequency band from 5.850 to 5.925 GHz and a +20 dBm power output. They assign for each UAS a globally unique flight identifier (GUFI) as the Remote ID identity [13]. Last is BLE5, which is a low-power, unlicensed Bluetooth radio frequency.…”

“…There are three publications using Remote ID to detect and avoid. However, the technology used in each publication was different; one was LoRaWAN [12], dedicated short-range communication (DSRC) [13], and the other was Bluetooth 5 [14]. The first publication explored Remote ID using LoRaWAN with its ground station to identify UAVs that intentionally or unintentionally fly through a restricted zone [12].…”

“…The other two publications used Remote ID as a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication. The first one used DSRC protocol to broadcast data including the position, which was used to detect and avoid UAVs [13]. The latter used Bluetooth 5 to detect and avoid between UAV and manned helicopter [14].…”